Pediatrics 1 Flashcards by Laura Thompson

Hep A immunization

min age: 1 yr
2 doses, 6 months apart

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Hep B immunization

3 doses
0 months
1-2 months
6-18 months

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DTaP immunization

5 doses
2 months
4 months
6 months
15-18 months
4-6 yrs

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Tdap immunization

11-12 years
booster every 10 yrs

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Hib immunization

4 doses
2 months
4 months
6 months
12-15 months

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PCV 13 immunization

4 doses
2 months
4 months
6 months
12-15 months

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PPSV 23 given to

special populations- chronic moderate lung disease, cancer, cochlear implant

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rotavirus vaccine

2 dose series
Oral
2 months
4 months

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IPV vaccine

4 dose
2 month
4 month
6-18 month
4-6 yrs

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MMR vaccine

2 dose
12-15 months
4-6 yrs
**contra if allergic to neomycin, gelatin

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Fever, rash after live or attenuated immunizations represent

a reaction to viral replication, not the vaccine

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live attenuated vaccines should be given either

together or 4 weeks apart

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live attenuated vaccines should not be given to

under age 1
pregnant women
immune compromised

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varicella

2 dose
12-18 months
4-6 yrs

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if pt has egg allergy with hives

admin flu vaccine as prescribed

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it pt has egg allergy with angioedema, resp distress

give flu vaccine under supervision

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meningococcal conjugate vaccine

11-12 yrs
booster 16 yrs

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HPV vaccine

2-3 dose
age 9-14, second 6-12 months later
age >15, 0, 1-2 m, 6m

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Most common vaccine reactions

among adolescents are to: HPV, MenACWY, and Tdap (syncope)

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A vaccine given 4 days prior to the scheduled time to receive it is considered

a valid dose

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A vaccine given 5 days prior to the scheduled time to receive it is considered an

INVALID dose and should
be repeated

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otitis media best predictors

cloudy bulging tm with impaired mobility

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otitis media with effusion

fluid accumulation in middle ear without sign of infection

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most common viral cause otitis media

RSV, flu

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most common bacterial cause otitis media

step pneumo

otitis media considered severe if

fever, severe pain, bilateral

give antibiotics if definite otitis media to

<6 months severe >6 months

if otitis media uncertain only give abx to

<6 months severe 6-24 months

pharm choice for otitis media

amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg/d if recent abx, augmentin

referral for OM if

3 or more episodes in 6 months 4 or more episodes in 12 months treatment failure after oral fluoroquinolone

most common pathogen pneumonia peds

viral & strep pneumo

most sensitive sign of pneumonia in infant

increased resp rate

if bacterial pneumo can see this in CBC

left shift increase in seg/bands and WBC >15

pharm management pneumonia peds

90mg/kg/d amox if allergy, clindamycin

bronchiolitis peds

self limited URI for 1-3 days thick purulent nasal secretions

croup

stridor, barking cough, hoarse viral self limited

viral gastroenteritis

>3 water stools in 24 hours symptoms 1-2 wks fecal oral route most common mode of transmission

gastroenteritis treatment

fluid replacement avoid antidiarrheal

1st peds UTI

aggressive tx to prevent pyelo specimen, culture cover for e.coli

1st ped uti tx

2nd, 3rd gen ceph for 3-5 days (if no fever, 10 if there is)

if 2-24 months with first febrile uti

recommend renal and bladder US

most common cause of raised red papillae on tongue

strep throat

roseola caused by

human herpes virus 6

fifth dx caused by

parvovirus b19

herpangina virus caused by

coxsackie a virus

hand foot mouth virus caused by

coxsackie virus a16

measles rash

"brick red" rash, starts on head/neck, spreads to trunk/extremity

fifth dx rash

"slapped cheek", lacy, maculopapular

rubella rash

looks like measles rash with lymphadenopathy, forchheimer spots

forchheimer spots

macules on soft palate, found in rubella

roseola rash

high fever 2-4 days abrupt cessation of fever, maculopapular rash everywhere but face

scarlet fever

secondary to group a infection sandpaper like rash

roseola occurs mostly commonly in

7-13 month old

rubella can cause

birth defects, miscarriage if contracted during pregnancy

measles 3 C's

conjunctivitis coryza (runny nose, congestion) cough

koplik spots

found with measles grains of sand of oral mucosa, precede rash

ADHD symptom of hyperactivity typically observed by age

4, peak in symptoms in 3-4 yrs

DSM5 criteria for ADHD dx

>6 symptoms inattention, hyperactivity in kids, >5 in teens/adults

suspect autism spectrum disorder if

* Delayed language/communication milestones * Regression in social or language skills * Siblings with ASD * Developmental concerns raised by caregivers

HA red flags

awaken child n/v, altered mental status <3 yrs no fam hx

migraine ha tx children

no caffeine exercise sleep topamax if over age 12

if history of intussusception

don't give rotavirus vaccine

hydrocele should resolve in child by

1 yr