Orthopedics Flashcards

1
Q

OA characteristics

A

Pain exacerbated by activity, relieved with rest
AM stiffness improves within 1 h
crepitus

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2
Q

OA diagnosis

A

joint space narrowing and/or osteophyte on XR

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3
Q

OA treatment non pharm

A

exercise
weight loss

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4
Q

OA pharm tx

A

use only if symptoms
NSAIDs

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5
Q

RA characteristics

A

auto immune
symmetric, periph polyarthritis

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6
Q

criteria for RA dx

A
  1. 3 involved joints
  2. serologic abnormality (RF or anti CPP)
  3. elevated ESR or CRP
  4. Symptoms present >6 weeks
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7
Q

fibromyalgia

A

Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain >3 months;
accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbances, and multiple somatic
complaints (HA, bowel irritability, cognitive disturbances)

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8
Q

fibromyalgia has

A

no abnormalities on PE (outside of pain)
no evidence of tissue inflammation

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9
Q

Fibromyalgia tx

A

Sleep hygiene
* Treat comorbids: mood, sleep disorders
* Exercise: aerobic conditioning, stretching, strengthening
* Med for pain: amitriptyline, duloxetine, pregabalin, others

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10
Q

Supraspinatus Test (Empty Can Test)

A
  1. Shoulder abducted 90 degrees
  2. Shoulder is internally rotated and angled forward 30
    degrees, thumb pointing to floor, then resist
    (+) sign is pain/weakness
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11
Q

If pain is orthopedic in etiology, it should be

A

reproducible!

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12
Q

lateral epicondylitis aka

A

tennis elbow

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13
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A

overuse is common cause
rest, but keep joints moving
nsaids
ice/heat
steroid
pt

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14
Q

scaphoid fracture identified with

A

snuffbox tenderness

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15
Q

snuffbox tenderness

A
  • Common complaint of a fracture is deep, dull pain in wrist, worse with gripping
    or squeezing
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16
Q

low back pain symptoms that suggest systemic dx

A

CA hx
>50
unexplained wt loss
pain lasting longer than 4 weeks
nighttime pain

17
Q

Sciatica

A
  • Nerve root irritation manifests as sciatica (radiculopathyfocus on L5-S1)
  • Sharp or burning pain radiating down leg to foot or ankle
  • May occur as numbness or tingling
  • Sciatica due to herniation is worse with coughing, sneezing,
    Valsalva
18
Q

Straight Leg Raise

A
  • Examiner raises patient’s extended leg with the ankle
    dorsiflexed
  • Positive if sciatica is reproduced between 10 and 60 degrees
    in the affected leg
  • May confirm radiculopathy
19
Q
  • General rule: Avoid lumbar X-rays unless
A

trauma, suspected systemic disease, or pain >4 weeks

20
Q

Lateral hip pain, aggravated by direct pressure suggests

A

trochanteric bursitis

21
Q

hip pain with use, better with rest

A

structural joint problem, OA

22
Q

Anterior hip/groin pain suggests

A

Hip joint: OA,

23
Q

posterior hip pain suggests

A

SI joint, LBP

24
Q

grades of sprain

A

 I: minimally torn ligament, stable joint (stretch)
 II: incomplete tear, painful wt bearing (partial rupture)
 III: completely torn ligament; severe pain, swelling, tenderness (complete
rupture)

25
management for sprain
RICE early mobility analgesics
26
last resort to treat gout flare
colchicine
27
you do not use allopurinol during
flare
28
positive MTP test associated with
morton's neuroma
29
nodes of DIP joints secondary to arthritis
heberden nodes
30
positive finkelstein's test
dequervain's tenosynovitis dorsal thumb pain is classic symptom
31
positive tinels, allen, phallen sign
carpal tunnel syndrome
32
common cause of posterior knee pain
baker's cyst
33
stress fracture
overuse injury of bone heals in 6 weeks
34
nodes on PIP joints secondary to arthritis
bouchards nodes