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Medicine > Urology > Flashcards

Urology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the BCG injection used for?

A

It’s the TB vaccination and it’s used in bladder immunotherapy

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2
Q

How do you manage LUTI?

A

GFR > 45 -Nitrofurantoin

GFR < 45 - Timethoprim

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3
Q

When is trimethoprim contraindicated, why?

A

1st trimester, neural tube stuff

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4
Q

What is the NSAID of choice for renal stones

A

IM Diclofenac

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5
Q

What is the MOA of Indapamide?

A

thiazide diuretics

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6
Q

What 2 drugs are given to those with recurrent renal stones?

A

Potassium citrate
Indapamide

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7
Q

What is the MOA of Tamsulosin?

A

alpha-1 antagonist

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8
Q

What is the MOA of finasteride?

A

5alpha-reductase inhibitor

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9
Q

How is BPH mangaed pharmacologically?

A

Tamsulosin - symptomatic relief

Finasteride - hormonal treatment although does take a good while

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10
Q

What is the class of Abx is ciprofloxacin?

What side effect is associated with this class?

A

quinolone Abx

All quinolones (like co-amox) risk tendon damage

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11
Q

What is the drug of choice for prostatitis?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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12
Q

What is the management of choice for ED?

What is its’ MOA?

A

Sildenafil

PDE-5 inhibitor

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13
Q

How do you manage renal tract stones?

A

5-10mm -> shockwave lithotripsy
10-20mm -> ureteroscopy

20+ and in pelvis then percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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14
Q

What is the intial pathway for ureteric stones causing hydronephrosis?

A

US urinary tract

nephrostomy to treat hydronephrosis

CT non-contrast

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15
Q

When would you have to delay a PSA test?

A

48 hours after ejaculation / exercise

1 month after prostatitis

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16
Q

How would you differentiate a torion of the spermatic cord from a torsion of hte testicular appendage?

A

The cremasteric reflex is usually preserved in torsion of the testicular appendage

17
Q

Describe Pregn’s sign

A

In testiclar torsion the elevation of hte testis does not ease pain compared to epididymitis

18
Q

What is the treatment for acute clot retention?

A

Continuous blader irrigation via 3 way catheter

19
Q

What is the 1st line investigation of a testicular mass?

A

US

20
Q

What drug might you use for an overactive bladder?

A

Oxybutinin

(antimuscarinic)

21
Q

What are those with cryptochordism at greater risk of?

A

Testicular cancers (germ cell tumours)

22
Q

What are the 2 findings on cystoscopy of ketamine cystitis?

A

Bladder wall thickening

Contracted bladder

23
Q

What is the most common type of prostate cancer?

A

Adenocarcinoma

24
Q

How do you know when to perform a radical vs partial nephrectomy?

A

Partial if T1 tumour (<7cm)

Medicine (21 decks)

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