Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medicine > ENT > Flashcards

ENT Flashcards

1
Q

What is prochlorperazine used to treat?

A

Treats labyrinthitis / vestibular neuronitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is betahistine used to treat?

A

Meniere’s, although there’s very little evidence supporting its’ use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is acetic acid used to treat?

A

Otitis Externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is mometasone and what is it used for?

A

anti-inflammatory

Used with phenoxymethylpenicillin for sinusitis if it hasn’t resolved after 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Naseptin and when is it used?

A

it’s an Abx and a disinfectant

Used for epistaxis cases in cases where first aid is successful within 20 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the MOA of phenoxymethylpenicillin? When is it used?

A

Inhibits cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis

It’s used to treat bacterial tonsilitis and for cases of sinusitis if unresolved after 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the MOA of Cetuximab? what is it used to treat?

A

anti-EGFR

Head + Neck SCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which drugs cause hearing loss?

A

Voices More Quiet

Vincristine
Micins
Quinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How would a mixed hearing loss appear on Audiogram?

A

Air + Bone impaired

BUT

Bone > Air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What operation used to be performed for OSA?

A

UPPP (uvulopalatopharyngoplasty)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is eustachian tube dysfunction managed?

A

otovent (valsalva manouvre)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When do you need to excise an acoustic neuroma?

A

if >3cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is exostosis managed?

A

Canaloplasty if at least 80% occlusion

If bilateral then wait 6 weeks apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Samter’s triad

A

Nasal polyps
Asthma
Aspirin intolerance / allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do you have to rule out in painless lymphadenopathy? Why?

A

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

tendency to spread early

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How would you differentiate BPPV and vestibular neuronitis?

A

vestibular neuronitis - longer episodes of dizziness, and history of viral illness

17
Q

What is Ludwig’s angina?

Who is at risk?

Why is it bad?

A

Cellulitis at the floor of the mouth

Immunocompromised pts w/ poor dentition

Can compromise the airway

18
Q

How is otosclerosis managed?

A

Definitive - stapedectomy

Management - hearing aid

19
Q

What is the most common form of malignant parotid neoplasm?

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

20
Q

What anatomical complication may occur following mastoid abscess excision

A

Permanent unilateral facial weakness

21
Q

What is the classical presentation of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?

A

Adult-onset asthma
Nasal obstruction
Bilateral nasal polyps

22
Q

What would an elevated p16 suggest about a cervical lymphadenopathy

A

p16 is a surrogate marker for HPV

oropharyngeal SCC is very commonly driven by HPV

23
Q

What is the most appropriate method for diagnosing vestibular schwannoma?

A

gadolinium-enhanced MRI head

24
Q

What is Reinke’s oedema?

A

Vocal cord oedema, a progressive problems caused by thickening of the vocal cords

It is commonly linked to hypothyroidism

25
Q

How would you reduce mucosal oedema in supraglottitis?

A

Adrenaline nebs
IV dexamethasone

26
Q

How would you differentiate and Warthin’s tumour from a Pleomorphic Adenoma?

A

Both are benign parotid gland tumours

Warthin’s tumour will have a different history - older male, bilateral, smoking history

27
Q

How would you confirm the diagnosis of middle ear cholesteatoma?

A

High-resolution CT scan of the petrous temporal bone

28
Q

According to NICE, when should you prescribe Abx for AOM?

A

> 4 days
unwell
immunocompromised
<2 years
perforation / discharge in canal

29
Q

What might you use to shrink nasal polyps?

A

Intranasal steroid spray or drops

30
Q

Describe Centor criteria

A

Is tonsilitis bacterial? (3 or more gives 40-60% chance)

Fever >38
exudates
no cough
tender anterior lymphadenopathy

31
Q

Describe FeverPAIN score

A

is tonsilitis bacterial? (4-5, 65% chance)

Fever within 24hrs
Purulence
Attended within 3 days
Inflammed
No cough/coryza

32
Q

What is the first line treatment for otitis externa?

A

Topical Abx + topical steroid 1-2 weeks

33
Q

Which cranial nerves are typically affected by vestibular schwannoma?

A

V - trigeminal
VII - facial
VIII - vestibulocochlear

34
Q

How would you manage malignant otitis externa?

A

Ciprofloxacin

(to cover pseudomonas which is the most comon cause of malignant OE)

Medicine (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions