Urogenital Tumors

Question 1

Blackburn, JAVMA, 2013:
Self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) placement for urethral carcinoma in dogs

1. What % of dogs had metastatic disease in the thorax?
2. What % of dogs had metastatic disease in the medial iliac lymph nodes?
3. Relief of urethralobstruction was achieved in what % of the dogs?
4. What % had SEMS failure due to stent migration into the bladder?
5. What % of dogs developed urinary incontinence?
6. What % of dogs developed post-op UTIs?
7. What % of dogs developed urethral re-obstruction at a median of 90 days post-op?
8. MST?
9. Effect of treatment with an NSAID pre-op and chemotherapy post-op on survival time?

Answer 1

Blackburn, JAVMA, 2013:

1. 23% had metastatic disease in the thorax
2. 46% had metastatic disease in the medial iliac lymph nodes
3. Relief of urethral obstruction was achieved in 98% of the dogs
4. 2% had SEMS failure due to migration to the bladder
5. 64% developed urinary incontinence post-op; neither SEMS length nor SEMS diameter affected the development of incontinence, so it may be advantageous to place a SEMS the length of the entire tumor rather than just the length of the obstruction to reduce the risk of tumor progression causing subsequent obstruction beyond the ends of the stent
6. 35% developed post-op UTIs
7. 22% developed urethral re-obstruction at a median of 90 days post-op
8. MST: 78 days
9. Pre-op NSAID and post-op chemo increased survival time

Question 2

Robat, JSAP, 2013:
Doxorubicin-piroxicam treatment for TCC in dogs

1. What % of dogs had stable disease vs progressive disease vs partial response to therapy?
2. Median progression-free interval?
3. MST?
4. What prolonged MST?

Answer 2

Robat, JSAP, 2013:

1. 61% stable disease, 30% progressive disease, 9% partial response
2. Median progression-free interval: 103 days
3. MST: 168 days
4. Cytoreductive surgery prolonged MST

Question 3

Boston and Singh, Vet Surg, 2014:
Total cystectomy for TCC in a dog

Effect of total cystectomy?

Answer 3

Boston and Singh, Vet Surg, 2014:

The dog was incontinent post-op but did not develop ascending infections or pyelonephritis

Question 4

Huppes, Vet Surg, 2017:
Radical cystectomy and cutaneous ureterostomy for trigonal TCC in dogs

1. Effect on urinary continence and development of UTIs?
2. MST?

Answer 4

Huppes, Vet Surg, 2017:

1. No post-op UTIs but incontinence is expected
2. MST: 277 days

Question 5

Hamlin, VRU, 2019:
Urinary bladder TCC in cats vs dogs

1. Location of bladder TCC in cats vs dogs?
2. Urethral extension of tumor in cats vs dogs?

Answer 5

Hamlin, VRU, 2019:

1. Feline bladder TCC was more likely to be mid-body vs trigonal in dogs
2. Urethral extension of the tumor was less likely in cats than in dogs

Question 6

Bennett, Vet Surg, 2018:
Total prostatectomy for prostatic carcinoma in dogs

1. Distribution of tumor types?
2. What % of dogs had evidence of nodal metastasis?
3. Minor and major complication rates?
4. What % of dogs had permanent post-op urinary incontinence?
5. Median disease-free interval?
6. MST?

Answer 6

Bennett, Vet Surg, 2018:

1. 60% TCC, 32% adenocarcinoma, 4% undifferentiated carcinoma, 4% papillary cystadenocarcinoma
2. 4% had nodal metastasis
3. 60% minor complication rate, 16% major complication rate
4. 35% had permanent post-op urinary incontinence
5. Median DFI: 82 days
6. MST: 231 days