Anal Sac Tumors Flashcards
Potanas, JAVMA, 2015:
Anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma in dogs
- What % of dogs had pre-op hypercalcemia?
- What % of dogs had sublumbar lymphadenopathy?
- What % of dogs had disease progression or recurrence?
- Neither hypercalcemia nor hypophosphatemia were significant prognostic variables for survival time or disease-free interval - true or false?
- Negative prognostic factors?
Potanas, JAVMA, 2015:
- 20% had pre-op hypercalcemia
- 38% had sublumbar lymphadenopathy
- 62% had disease progression or recurrence
- True
- Presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy and lymph node extirpation were negative prognostic factors
Mellett, JSAP, 2015:
SCC of the anal sacs in dogs
What was associated with an apparent reduced survival?
Mellett, JSAP, 2015:
A sero-hemorrhagic discharge was associated with an apparent reduced survival
Palladino, JVIM, 2016:
CT vs abdo ultrasound to identify iliosacral lymphadenomegaly
- CT identified lymphadenomegaly in what % of dogs?
- Abdominal ultrasound identified at least 1 enlarged lymph node in all affected dogs, but it did not detect additional enlarged nodes in what % of dogs with lymphadenomegaly?
Palladino, JVIM, 2016:
- CT identified lymphadenomegaly in 65% of the dogs
- Abdominal ultrasound identified at least 1 enlarged lymph node in all affected dogs, but it did not detect additional enlarged nodes in 69% of dogs with lymphadenomegaly
Majeski, VRU, 2017:
Indirect CT lymphography for iliosacral lymphatic mapping
- Indirect CT lymphography identified lymphatic pathways and sentinel lymph nodes in what % of the cases?
- Identified sentinel lymph nodes were ipsilateral to the anal sac adenocarcinoma in what % of the cases?
Majeski, VRU, 2017:
- Indirect CT lymphography identified lymphatic pathways and sentinel lymph nodes in 92% of the cases
- Identified sentinel lymph nodes were ipsilateral to the anal sac adenocarcinoma in 67% of the cases and contralateral to the anal sac adenocarcinoma in 33% of the cases
Skorupski, JAVMA, 2018:
Dogs with early-stage anal sac adenocarcinoma
- What % of dogs had local recurrence?
- What % of dogs developed metastasis to regional lymph nodes?
- What % of dogs developed both local recurrence and metastasis?
- What histologic finding was associated with development of metastasis?
- Many of the dogs survived for at least how many years after surgical excision without any additional treatment?
Skorupski, JAVMA, 2018:
- 21% had local recurrence
- 26% developed metastasis to regional lymph nodes
- 12% had both local recurrence and metastasis
- Extent of cellular pleomorphism was associated with development of metastasis
- Many of the dogs survived for at least 4 years after surgical excision without any additional treatment
Amsellem, JAVMA, 2019:
Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma in cats
- What were the most common clinical signs?
- Risk factors for local recurrence?
- What % of the cats developed local recurrence?
Amsellem, JAVMA, 2019:
- Perineal ulceration or perineal discharge were the most common clinical signs
- Risk factors for local recurrence were incomplete tumor margins and a high nuclear pleomorphic score
- 37% developed local recurrence
Elliott, JAVMA, 2019:
Toceranib phosphate for stage 4 anal sac adenocarcinoma in dogs
What % of the dogs had stable disease?
Elliott, JAVMA, 2019:
87% had stable disease (some had reduction in tumor burden but not enough to classify as a partial response)