URIs Flashcards
Define URI
Most common cause of office visits, 90% cause by virus, infection from bronchioles upwards- does not involve gas exchange
Common cold- Eti
90% cause by RSV, rhino, adeno, parainfluenza etc viruses. AKA Acute viral rhinosinusitis
Common cold
Nasal congestion, mucous, facial pressure, post nasal drainage- bacterial and allergy have same sx
Common cold- Dx
physical exam findings. Sx peak day 2-3, resolve 7-10
Common cold- Tx
decongestants, nasal irrigation, +/- topical corticosteroids. NO Abx!
Influenza- A, B & H1N1- Sx
fevers, chills, malaise, substernal soreness, fever >38.2 for 1-7 days. H1N1 has GI manifestations
Influenza- A, B & H1N1- Dx
Tests not common- can use serology, PCR
Influenza- A, B & H1N1- Tx
Rest, analgesics, cough supressants
Influenza- A, B & H1N1- Complications
Infection causes break down of respiratory tissue leading to secondary bacterial infections
Acute Bronchitis- Eti
viral infection affecting large percentage of population yearly in fall to spring. “chest cold”
Acute Bronchitis- Sx
< 3 weeks cough, +/- phlegm, low grade fever, does not involve lower airways
Acute Bronchitis- Dx
No need, self limiting
Acute Bronchitis- Tx
Humidifier, pain relievers, cough suppressants
Pertussis- Eti
Bordatella pertusssis- occurs in unimmunized, transmitted by droplets- past immunization does not confer immunity- must have booster
Pertussis- Sx
3 stages:
- Catarrheal- coryza, sneezing, hacking night cough
- paroxysmal- coughing fits with whoop on inspiration
- Convalescent- > 4 weeks of onset, decreasing cough symptoms
