Urinary System Vocabulary

Question 1

Adventitial

Answer 1

The outermost layer of organs, blood vessels, and other structures in the body

Question 2

Albuminuria

Answer 2

Albumin in the urine

Question 3

Anuria

Answer 3

The absence of the urine production

Question 4

Autonomic

Answer 4

Involuntary or unconscious

Question 5

Azotemia

Answer 5

Urea in the blood

Question 6

Cystectomy

Answer 6

Excision of all or part of the bladder to remove a cyst

Question 7

Cystitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the lining of the bladder

Question 8

Cystocele

Answer 8

A condition in which weakened pelvic muscles cause the bladder to drop from its normal position

Question 9

Cystography

Answer 9

Radiographic imaging of the bladder

Question 10

Cystoscope

Answer 10

A thin, tube-like instrument used to look inside the bladder and urethra

Question 11

Cystostomy

Answer 11

Creation of an artificial opening into the bladder

Question 12

Cystotomy

Answer 12

Incision into the bladder

Question 13

Deamination

Answer 13

The removal of amino group from a molecule

Question 14

Detrusor

Answer 14

A muscle which forms a layer of the wall of the bladder

Question 15

Diuresis

Answer 15

Excess production of urine

Question 16

Dysuria

Answer 16

Painful urination

Question 17

Enuresis

Answer 17

Involuntary urinatino

Question 18

Excretion

Answer 18

To get rid of waste material from the blood, tissues, or organs by a normal discharge (such as sweat, urine, or stool.)

Question 19

Glomerulonephritis

Answer 19

A condition in which the tissues of the kidney become inflamed and have problems filtering waste from the blood.

Question 20

Glycosuria

Answer 20

Presence of glucose in the urine

Question 21

Hematuria

Answer 21

Blood in the urine

Question 22

Homeostasis

Answer 22

The state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things

Question 23

Hydronephrosis

Answer 23

Abnormal enlargement of a kidney, which may be caused by blockage of the ureter (such as by a kidney stone) or chronic kidney disease that prevents urine from draining into the bladder.

Question 24

Hydrostatic

Answer 24

Relating to the equilibrium of liquids and the pressure exerted by liquid at rest

Question 25

Hypothalamus

Answer 25

A region of the forerbrain below thalamus; has function in both the autonomic and endocrine systems and regulates homeostasis

Question 26

Incontinence

Answer 26

Loss of ability to control micturition (urination)

Question 27

Lethargy

Answer 27

A condition marked by drowsiness and an unusual lack of energy and mental alertness

Question 28

Micturition

Answer 28

Also called urination or voiding

Question 29

Lithotripsy

Answer 29

The destruction of a calculus (stone) of the kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder by physical forces

Question 30

Mitochondira

Answer 30

A membranous, bean-shaped organelle that is the "energy transformer" of the cell

Question 31

Nephrectomy

Answer 31

Excision of all or part of the kidney

Question 32

Nephritis

Answer 32

A condition in which the tissues in the kidney became inflamed and have problems filtering waste from the blood

Question 33

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 33

Formation of stone(s) in the kidney

Question 34

Nephrolithotomy

Answer 34

Incision into the kidney to remove stone(s)

Question 35

Nephrologist

Answer 35

A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating kidney disease

Question 36

Nephrology

Answer 36

A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the kidneys

Question 37

Nephrostomy

Answer 37

Surgery to make an opening from the outside of the body to the renal pelvis

Question 38

Nocturia

Answer 38

Frequent urination at night that interrupts sleep

Question 39

Oliguria

Answer 39

Below normal urine production of 400-500 mL/day

Question 40

Osmosis

Answer 40

A process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one

Question 41

pH

Answer 41

A measure of how acidic or alkaline a substance is, as determined by the number of free hydrogen ions in the substance

Question 42

Polyuria

Answer 42

Excessive urine production

Question 43

Prostaglandins

Answer 43

Signaling molecules derived from unsaturated fatty acids with hormone-like effects

Question 44

Pseudostratified

Answer 44

Tissue layer of irregularly shaped cells that give the appearance of more than one layer

Question 45

Pyelitis

Answer 45

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney calices

Question 46

Pyuria

Answer 46

The presence of white blood cells in the urine

Question 47

Solutes

Answer 47

The minor component in a solution

Question 48

Stricture

Answer 48

Abnormal narrowing

Question 49

Ureterocele

Answer 49

A cystic dilation of the end of a ureter

Question 50

Ureteroliathiasis

Answer 50

Formation of stone(s) in the ureter

Question 51

Ureteroscopy

Answer 51

Examination of the inside of the kidney and ureter, using a ureteroscope

Question 52

Ureterostomy

Answer 52

Creation of an artificial opening into the ureter

Question 53

Urinal

Answer 53

Receptacle used for the collection of urine

Question 54

Urinary

Answer 54

Pertaining to urine or the organs of the body that produce and get rid of urine

Question 55

Urologist

Answer 55

A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating diseases of the urinary organs in females and the urinary and reproductive organs in males

Question 56

Urology

Answer 56

A surgical specialty concerned with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the urinary tract in both sexes, and in the genital tract in the male

Question 57

Voiding

Answer 57

Also known as urination or micturition