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Medical Terminology > System Terms > Flashcards

System Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abscess

A

An enclosed collection of pus in tissues, organs, or confined spaces in the body.

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2
Q

Adipocyte

A

Fat cell

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3
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Fat tissue

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4
Q

Autonomic

A

Involuntary or unconscious

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5
Q

Avascular

A

Without blood vessels

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6
Q

Bacteria

A

Single-cell microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading tissue

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7
Q

Benign

A

Non-cancerous

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8
Q

Biopsy

A

The removal of cells or tissues for examination by a pathologist

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9
Q

Cancer

A

Abnormal cells in the body that divide uncontrollably

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10
Q

Cauterize

A

To destroy tissue using a hot or cold instrument, an electrical current, or a chemical that burns or dissolves the tissue to kill tumors or stop bleeding

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11
Q

Cellulitis

A

An infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by tenderness, fever, and blisters

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12
Q

Contusion

A

Injury resulting in a bruise

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13
Q

Cyanosis

A

A condition in which the oxygen supply is restricted, causing the skin to look blue

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14
Q

Cyst

A

Closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

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15
Q

Debridement

A

Excision of damaged tissues and cell debris from a wound or burn to prevent infection and promote healing

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16
Q

Dehydration

A

A net loss of water that results in insufficient water in blood and other tissues

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17
Q

Dermabrasion

A

A procedure to remove superficial scars using sandpaper or revolving wire bushes

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18
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

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19
Q

Dermatofibroma

A

Fibrous tumor of the skin

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20
Q

Dermatologist

A

Medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating skin disorders

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21
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of disorders of the skin

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22
Q

Dermis

A

The layer of skin that is made of dense, irregular connective tissue that houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures

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23
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Sweating

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24
Q

Eczema

A

Non-infectious, inflammatory disease presenting as redness, blisters, scabs, and itching.

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25
Q

Edema

A

Swelling due to excessive liquid in the tissues

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26
Q

Epidermis

A

The outer, protective layer of the skin

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27
Q

Excisional skin surgery

A

A surgical procedure used to remove moles, cysts, skin cancer, and other skin growths using local anesthesia

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28
Q

Exocytosis

A

A form of active transport in which a cell exports material using vesicular transport

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29
Q

Fascia

A

Fibrous tissue

30
Q

Frostbite

A

A condition in which conservation of the body core heat results in the skin freezing

31
Q

Gangrene

A

Death of tissue due to blood supply loss

32
Q

Hidradenitis

A

Inflammation of a sweat gland

33
Q

Hypodermis

A

Also known as the subcutaneous layer; the layer of the skin below the dermis that is composed mainly of loose connective and fatty tissues

34
Q

Incision

A

A cut made into the body to perform surgery

35
Q

Infection

A

The invasion and growth of bacteria, viruses, yeast, fungi, or other microorganisms in the body

36
Q

Intradermal

A

Within the skin

37
Q

Intravenous

A

Into or within the vein

38
Q

Jaundiced

A

Yellow-colored

39
Q

Keloid

A

A raised or hypertrophic scar

40
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Cells that manufacture and store the protein keratin

41
Q

Keratosis

A

Any growth of horny tissue

42
Q

Laceration

A

Torn, ragged-edged wound

43
Q

Lesion

A

An area of abnormal tissue

44
Q

Meissner corpuscle

A

A specialized sensory nerve structure that responds to light touch

45
Q

Melanocyte

A

A cell that produces the pigment melanin

46
Q

Metastasis

A

The process in which cancer spreads from one part of the body to another

47
Q

Necrosis

A

Accidental cell death

48
Q

Nevus

A

A benign growth on the skin that is formed by a cluster of melanocytes

49
Q

Nodule

A

A growth or lump that may be malignant or benign

50
Q

Onychocryptosis

A

An ingrown nail

51
Q

Onychophagia

A

Nail-biting

52
Q

Osteomalacia

A

A softening of adult bones dueto Vitamin D decifiency

53
Q

Pacinian Corpuscle

A

A specialized sensory nerve structure that responds to vibration

54
Q

Pallor

A

Unnatural paleness of the skin

55
Q

Paronychia

A

Infection of the skin around the nail

56
Q

Pathogen

A

An organism that causes a disease

57
Q

Percutaneous

A

Passing through the skin, as an injection or a tropical medicine

58
Q

Phagocytes

A

Cells that engulf and absorb bacteria and cell particles

59
Q

Pruitus

A

Intching

60
Q

Reticulated

A

Net like

61
Q

Rhytidoplasty

A

Excision of wrinkles of the skin

62
Q

Rickets

A

A painful condition in children where bones are misshapen due to a lack of calcium, causing bow-leggedness

63
Q

Scar

A

A collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that differs from normal skin

64
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

A bacteria that is commonly found in minor skin infections, as well as the nose of some healthy people

65
Q

Stratum basale

A

The deepest layer of epidermis

66
Q

Streptococcuss

A

The bacteria that causes strep throat

67
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Beneath the skin

68
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

The division of nervous system involved in our fight or flight responses. In continuously monitors body temperature and initiates appropriate motor responses

69
Q

Tinea

A

A group of fungal skin diseases of the hair, skin, and nail tissues

70
Q

Transdermal

A

Absorbed through the unbroken skin

71
Q

Vascularized

A

Tissue that has numerous blood vessels

72
Q

Virus

A

A simple microorganism that may cause infection by invading boy tissue.

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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