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Medical Terminology > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Ablation

A

The removal or destruction of a body part or tissue or its function. Ablation may be performed by surgery, hormones, drugs, radiofrequency, heat, or other methods

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2
Q

Arthralgia

A

Joint pain

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3
Q

Aspermia

A

Condition of the complete absence of sperm

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4
Q

Blanitis

A

Inflammation of the glans penis

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5
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

A benign condition in which an overgrowth of prostate tissue pushes against the urethra and the bladder, blocking the flow of urine

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6
Q

Bulbourethral glands

A

Glands that secrete a lubricating mucus that cleans and lubricates the urethra prior to and during ejaculation; also called Cowper’s glands

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7
Q

Circumcision

A

The surgical removal of the prepuce

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8
Q

Coitus

A

Sexual intercourse between a male and female

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9
Q

Condom

A

A sheath that is worn over the penis during sexual behavior in order to prevent pregnancy or spread of sexually transmitted disease

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10
Q

Corpus cavernosum

A

Either of two columns of erectile tissue in the penis that fill with blood during an erection

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11
Q

Corpus spongiosum

A

Column of erectile tissue in the penis that fills with blood during an erection and surrounds the penile urethra on the ventral portion of the penis

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12
Q

Cryptorchidism

A

The failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum prior to birth

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13
Q

Ductus deferens

A

Duct that transports sperm from the epididymis through the spermatic cord and into the ejaculatory duct; also referred to as the vas deferens

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14
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful urination

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15
Q

Ejaculatory duct

A

Duct that connects the ampulla of the ductus deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle at the prostatic urethra

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16
Q

Enucleation

A

Excision of a whole organ or mass without cutting into it

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17
Q

Epididymis

A

A coiled tubular structure in which sperm start to mature and are stored until ejaculation

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18
Q

Epididymitis

A

Inflammation of the epididymis

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19
Q

Gamete

A

A specialized sex cell carrying 23 chromesomes

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20
Q

Glans penis

A

Bulbous end of the penis that contains a large number of nerve endings

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21
Q

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

A

Hormone released by the hypothalamus that regulates the production of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland

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22
Q

Gonads

A

Reproductive organs (testes in men and ovaries in women) that produce gametes and reproductive hormones

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23
Q

Hydrocele

A

Accumulation of serious fluid between the layers of membrane covering the testis

24
Q

Infertility

A

The inability to produce children

25
Q

Inguinal canal

A

Opening the abdominal wall that connects the testes to the abdominal cavity

26
Q

Leydig cells

A

Cells between the seminiferous tubules of the testes that produce testosterone; a type of interstitial cell

27
Q

Myalgia

A

Pain in a muscle or group of muscles

28
Q

Oligospermia

A

Condition of a suboptimal concentration of spermatozoa in the ejaculated semen to ensure successful fertilization of an ovum

29
Q

Orchidectomy

A

Surgery to remove one or both testicles; also called orchiectomy

30
Q

Orchiectomy

A

Surgery to remove one or both testicles; also called orchidectomy

31
Q

Orchiopexy

A

Surgical fixation of the testicle

32
Q

Orchiopexy

A

Surgical fixation of the testicle

33
Q

Orchitis

A

Inflammation of a testis

34
Q

Penis

A

Male organ of copulation

35
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urine production

36
Q

Prepuce

A

Flap of skin that forms a collar around, and thus protects and lubricates, the glans penis; also referred to as the foreskin

37
Q

Prostate gland

A

A gland at the base of the bladder surrounding the urethra that contributes fluid to semen during ejaculation

38
Q

Prostatitis

A

Inflammation of the prostate gland

39
Q

Scrotum

A

An external pouch of skin and muscle that houses the testes

40
Q

Semen

A

Ejaculatory fluid composed of sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands

41
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Gland that produces seminal fluid, which contributes to semen

42
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

Structures within the testes where spermatogenesis occurs

43
Q

Sertoli cells

A

Cells that support germ cells through the process of spermatogenesis; a type of sustentacular cells

44
Q

Sperm

A

Male gamete

45
Q

Spermatic cord

A

Bundle of nerves and blood vessels that supplies the testes; contains ductus deferens

46
Q

Spermatid

A

Immature sperm cells produced by meiosis II of secondary spermatocytes

47
Q

Spermatocyte

A

A male gametocyte from which a spermatozoon develops

48
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

The process of producing sperm

49
Q

Spermatogonia

A

The diploid precursor cells that become sperm

50
Q

Spermiogenesis

A

Transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa during spermatogenesis

51
Q

Sterility

A

A condition of being unable to produce children

52
Q

Testes

A

Male gonads

53
Q

Urethritis

A

Inflammation of the urethra

54
Q

Variocele

A

Distended veins of the spermatic cord

55
Q

Vasectomy

A

A procedure in which a small section of the ductus deferens is cut and sealed to interrupt sperm delivery. It is an effective form of male birth control

56
Q

Vasovasostomy

A

Creation of an artificial opening between ducts to restore fertility to males who have had a vasectomy

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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