Urinary System Slides

Question 1

Large Intestine functions in Urinary system

Answer 1

Absorbs water from digesta
Forms, stores feces~
         Composition: Bacteria
                 Intestinal cells
                 Non digestible matter

Question 2

Animal Water Budget- In and Out

Answer 2

Mostly balanced by Digestive and Urinary Systems
In Out
Drinking Urine
Eating Feces
Metabolic water Evaporation
Metabolic H2O is Formed during aerobic respiration

Question 3

Urinary System

Components and functions

Answer 3

Components
Kidneys and urine conductive organs
e.g. Bladder; Ureter
Functions:
Excretion
Water recycling
Control of blood pressure

Question 4

Urinary Excretion

Answer 4

Elimination of extra, nongaseous factors
from the blood: “waste products”
e.g. ions, drugs, “nitrogenous wastes” these wastes are
Produced during breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids

Question 5

Three types of nitrogenous wastes

Answer 5

Ammonia Urea Uric acid

Most toxicity Least

Question 6

Vertebrates have paired dorsal kidneys that

Answer 6

Kidneys packed with cellular tubules that
enact system functions
Two types of tubules:
Nephrons Collecting ducts
Filter plasma Carry urine from
to form urine nephrons to ureter

Question 7

Kidney with macrocirculation parts

Answer 7

Renal Artery: brings “dirty” blood in
Renal Vein: “cleansed” blood taken out
Ureter: carries urine, a filtrate of plasma

Question 8

Nephron formation of urine: 3 processes
#1

Answer 8

1. Glomerular Filtration: blood pressure drives
   plasma from glomerulus to renal tubule via holes in
   glomerular capillaries. Filtrate includes wastes plus
   valuable small molecules. Cells and proteins remain in
   glomerulus.

Question 9

Nephron formation of urine: 3 processes #2

Answer 9

2. Tubular Reabsorption: valuable small molecules
   are actively transported from filtrate back into
   blood of peritubular capillaries. e.g. water, sugars,
   amino acids

Question 10

Nephron formation of urine: 3 processes #3

Answer 10

3. Tubular Secretion: active transport of factors from

peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule. e.g. H+

Question 11

Kidney Power

Answer 11

Ability of kidney to reabsorb and recycle water.
Most powerful kidneys in desert and marine
mammals.

Question 12

Special adaptations of other marine

vertebrates excrete excess salt

Answer 12

Gills of saltwater bony fishes
Rectal gland of sharks
Salt glands of marine birds and reptiles

Question 13

Kidneys in overall control of blood pressure via

the Renin-Angiotensin system

Answer 13

If blood pressure drops nephron cells notice; release
Renin into blood

Renin is an enzyme: converts Angiotensinogen
(circulating protein) to Angiotensin I (hormone
precursor).
Angiotensin I converted to Angiotensin II by
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)