Digestive system Notes Flashcards
The Peritoneum
Covers the internal space (Lines) including organs. Helps hold these organs in place.
Mesentery
A Peritoneal extension for organ support, contains vessels that transport nutrients to Cardiovascular system.
Parts and functions of the Mucosa
Epithelium- Simple columnar & Stratified Squamous
Lamina Propria- Capillaries and WBC
Mucosa Pits- Can be glandular (Gastric glands). These are mitosis sanctuaries.
Extromural gland
EG Pancreus
Muscularus
Mostly smooth muscle. Has a inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer.
Promotes gut motility like peristalsis
Peristalsis
Wave of contraction that moves digestra analward as a Bolus.
Parts of the Alimentary Canal
Oral Cavity Salivary glands Teeth Esophagus Stomach Intestines Rectum and Anus
Oral Cavity
In most verts a tonuge is possessed for food manipulation
Salvatory glands
In tetrapods- Dissolve flavorants with saliva, lubricates, and produce enzymes.
These are modified as Venum glands in some reptiles.
Teeth (or equivalent)
There are Keratin equivalents- Composed of dead Keratinocytes. (Example being the Balegn whales filter-feeding apparatus Balegn in the Agnathans.
The vast majority of teeth are made of bone.
Parts of a human tooth
Crown Root Enamel Dentin Pulp Cavity Root Canal Peridontal Ligument
Enamel
The matrix- Mostly Hydroxyapatite, the hardest surface in the body
Made by cells called Amyloblasts.
Dentin
Bone-like matrix. Made by Odontoblast cells.
Pulp Cavity
Vascular and Innerved. Lined with odontoblasts that help monitor Denton quality and make secondary Denton to accommodate for wear.
Periodontal Ligament
Bioliogen holding the tooth in place.