Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of cystitis

A
Peeing a lot
Dysuria 
Urgency 
Blood in urine 
Superpubic pain
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2
Q

Symptoms of pylonephritis

A
Fever 
Rigors 
Vomiting 
Loin pain 
Tenderness
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3
Q

Symptoms of prostatis

A

Flu like symptoms
Decreased urination
Tender prostate that’s swollen

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4
Q

Clinical symptoms of acute renal failure

A

Significant deterioration of renal function occurring over hours or days
Decreased volume pee to under 400mls in 24hours
Increased plasma urea and creatinine levels
Occur in setting of other illness like sepsis

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5
Q

Causes of renal failure

A

Pre renal- hypoperfusion, sepsis
Renal- ATN Dana he to tubules due to ischaemia or nephrotoxins
Post renal- adrenal tract obstruction

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6
Q

Stages of gfr

A
1- over 90
2 - 60-89
3- 30-59
4- 15-29
5- under 15
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7
Q

Causes of low gfr

A
Diabetes 
Renovascular disease 
Hypertension 
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic disease
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8
Q

Cause of glomerulonephritis

A
Dehydration 
Diet
Drugs
Renal Tracy abnormalities 
Recurrent UTIs
Metabolic abnormalities
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9
Q

How to diagnose glomerulonephritis

A

Asymtpomatic so find accidentally in urine or on an X-ray

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10
Q

Who is at risk of developing renal cancer

A
Makes
Smokers
Obsese
High bp
50-70yesr old
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11
Q

Symptoms of renal cancer

A

Haemotoma
Loin pain
Abdominal mass
Paraneoplastic syndrome

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12
Q

Symptoms and tests for bladder cancer

A

Painless haematuria where frequency urgency and dysuria can occur

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13
Q

Treatments for bladder cancer

A

Small lesions - diathermy

Later stage- cystectomy or palliative

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14
Q

Benign prostate hyperplasia

A

Common
Increase in the number of cells
Bph increased
Prostate grows in size

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15
Q

Symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia

A
Increased urinary frequency 
Hesistency
Nocturia
Dribble
Increased infection risk
Increased prostate on PRZ
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16
Q

Risk factors of prostate cancer

A
Age
Race - black
Family history 
Hormone levels 
Diet of high fat
17
Q

Symptoms of prostate cancer

A
Sometimes asymptomatic 
Nocturia
Hesitancy
Poor stream
Dribble 
Irregular prostate on examination
18
Q

Clinical symptoms of prostate cancer

A

High PSA in blood

Biopsy

19
Q

Symptoms of testicular torsion

A
Sudden onset of pain
Nausea 
Vomiting 
Hot
Swollen
Tender
May lie transversely and up 
Common in 11-30year olds
20
Q

Risk factors of testicular tumour

A

15-44years

Undescended testis, infant hernia, infertility

21
Q

Symptoms of testicular tumour

A

Painless testicular lump after trauma or infection