❤️ Flashcards
Symptoms of ❤️ failure
Breathlessness
Oedema
Crackle
Clinical symptoms of heart failure
Shortness of breath
Oedema in legs
Tired
Clinical signs of heart failure
Increased wob Crackles Fluid in abdoman Pulmonary effusion Peripheral oedema Increased jugular vein pressure
Classification of ❤️ failure
Acute = hospital Chronic = manageable Left= lung Right = legs
Symptoms of vascular heart disease
Same as ❤️ failure Plus: Syncope Stroke / systematic emboli Arythmia Sob/angina/ syncope = triad aortic stinosis
Nyha
Determine severity of heart failure
1) ordinary activity no probs
2) ordinary activity causes angina tiredness and palpitations
3) less then ordinary activity causes fatigue tiredness and Palputations
4) at rest a person experiences fatigue angina and palps
How to treat heart failure
Mortality- ace inhib or b blockers
Symptoms- loop diuretics / spiralactone / digoxin - frusomide in an acute situation
What is valvular heart disease
When heart valves stop working due to :
Stenosis- blockage
Regurgitation- leaky valve
Vegitations- abnormal growths
Causes of stenosis
Mainly primary valve cusp abnormality
Chronic process
2/3 aortic
Regurgitation
Can be sudden
Disease of cusps or damage to supporting structures
Vegitations
Bacteria infection
Inflammatory
Clot
Clinical symptoms of endocarditis
Temperature Decreased weight Malaise Sob Oedema legs Orthopeoa Sepsis Emboli
Clinical signs of endocarditis
Heart failure Sepsis Finger clubbing Splinter haemorrhage Janeway lesion Osler node
Signs and symptoms of pericarditis/ myocarditis
Chest pain & heart failure
How is dilated cardiomyopathy caused
Alcohol
Periparium
Genetics
Myocarditis
How is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused
Genetic idiopathic
Disease
What are the symptoms of cardiomyopathy
Sob Chest pain Palputations Syncope A/f
What is the cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy
Amylyclosis
Radiation
Chemo
What is the primary sign of high blood pressure
Diastolic bp over 140/90 says.
Mild/ 95-104
Moderate - 105-114
Severe - 115+
Secondary Causes of hypertension
Renal
Endocrine
Physical obstruction
Neurogenic
What is malignant hypertension
Acute
5% cases 90% die yearly
Emergency
Bp rapidly increases and causes organ damage
What effects on the body does hypertension have
Blood vessel disease Can cause heart failure or mi or left ventricular hypertrophy Kidneys can fail Eyes- retinopathy Brain- cerebral haemorrhage/ infarction
Causes of aneurysms
Vessel wall weakness Congenital Presser Atheroma Infection
Causes of venous disease
Immobility Pregnancy Malignancy Haem disorders Osteogenesis
Symptoms of a pe
Plevric chest pain Breathless Calves swell Syncope / collapse Death
