Neoplasia Flashcards
Causes of lung carcinomas
Age- 49-70yrs Gender - female Smoking Industrial exposure Genes Immunodeficiency
Clinical signs of lung carcinoma
Cough
Weight loss
Chest pain
Dyspneoa
What would you find mets in a lung carcinoma
Trachea Bronchial Mediastinal nodes Adrenals Liver Brain Bone
Symptoms of tumour spreading
Pneumonia
Hoarseness
Homer syndrome
Hormones are involved in paraneoplastic syndrome (10% carcinoma cases)
Adh ACTH Parathormone Parathyroid Prostaglandin e Cytokines Calcitonin Serotonin Bradykin
TNM stage
T- tumour size
N- lymph nodes
M- mets
What is a small cell carcinoma
Mainly occurs in smokers
Effects major bronchi and lung periphery
Mainly treated with chemo
What is squamous cell carcinoma
Common in smokers and men
Occurs close to the hilum
V differentiated cells
What is an adenocarcinoma
Woman and non smokers
Slow grow
Glandular elements common
Grows into white space
Large cell carcinoma
Uncommon and hard to tell what the cells were originally
Wide spread and aggressive
High chance malignant
Where do lung mets come from
Kidney Prostate Bowel Breast Via blood, lymph
How does a pleural tumour present
Presents as chest pain, dyspneoa, pleural effusion.
