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Medical Terminology > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Kidneys

A

Filter blood

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2
Q

How much blood do the kidneys filter per day?

A

180 L

48 Gal

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3
Q

Nephron

A

Concentrate filtrate into urine

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4
Q

Glomerulus

A

Coiled capillary where filtering occurs

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5
Q

How much blood is reabsorbed in kidney?

A

99%

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6
Q

How much urine is produced a day?

A

1-1.5 L

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7
Q

Renal Pelvis

A

Basin/funnel like part of the proximal part of the ureter in the kidney

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8
Q

Ureters

A

Transport urine from kidneys to bladder

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9
Q

Urinary Bladder

A

Holds urine

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10
Q

Urethra

A

Releases urine to outside of body

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11
Q

Functions of Urinary System (5)

A 
Waste removal
Water balance
Salt balance Na+/K+
pH balance
B.P. Control
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12
Q

Combining Forms For Kidney (2)

A

Nephro

Reno

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13
Q

Combining Form For Urine

A

Urino

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14
Q

Suffix for Urine

A

Uria

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15
Q

Combining Form For Ureters

A

Uretero

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16
Q

Combining Form For Urinary Bladder

A

Cysto

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17
Q

Combining Form For Urethra

A

Urethro

18
Q

Combining Form For Glomerulus

A

Glomerulo

19
Q

Combining Form For Renal Pelvis

A

Pyelo

20
Q

Cystitis

A

Bladder Infection

Lower UTI

21
Q

Symptoms of cystitis

A

Frequency

Dysuria

22
Q

Frequency

A

You feel like you have to go pee, but you have nothing in your bladder

23
Q

What causes frequency?

A

Inflammation

24
Q

Dysuria

A

Pain with urination

25
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Infection within kidney and renal pelvis
Upper UTI
Flank pain

26
Q

What is the treatment for pyelonephritis?

A

Antibiotics

27
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in urine

28
Q

Glucose in urine

A

Glycosuria

Glucosuria

29
Q

Nocturia

A

Excessive urination at night

30
Q

Enuresis

A

Involuntary discharge of urine

31
Q

Incontinence

A

Inability to control urine or stool

32
Q

Nocturnal enuresis

A

Bedwetting

33
Q

Oliguria

A

Very little urination

34
Q

Polyuria

A

Excessive urination

35
Q

Nephrectomy

A

Surgical removal of a kidney

36
Q

Kidney Stones

A

Nephrolithiasis

Renal calcus

37
Q

Why do kidney stones happen?

A

Crystals forming from dehydration

38
Q

What causes the pain with kidney stones?

A

The muscle contractions in ureters

39
Q

Treatment for kidney stones

A

Wait and see method
Lithotripsy
Surgery

40
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Sit in water bath and a lithotripter (sound wave machine) is used to break apart stone to pass easier bc it was too big originally

41
Q

Staghorn Calculus

A

Fills whole renal pelvis and looks like antlers

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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