Urinary System

Question 1

What does the urinary system consist of?

Answer 1

Two kidneys, two ureters bladder and urethra

Question 2

What do the kidneys do?

Answer 2

They filter blood to form urine. The urine removes excess waste materials from water from the blood.

Question 3

What does the ureter do

Answer 3

Thin long muscular tube structures that transport urine from the kidneys down to the bladder,
Conducted along by smooth muscle contraction
Travels One way

Question 4

What does the bladder do?

Answer 4

The bladder is a balloon like structure for the storage of urine

Question 5

What is the urethra

Answer 5

The structure transports and releases urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Question 6

Where are the kidneys in the body?

Answer 6

Cranial dorsal and abdomen just below the spine and on either side of the aorta

Question 7

What supplies the kidneys blood?

Answer 7

The renal arteries come off directly from the aorta

Question 8

How does the blood leave the kidneys?

Answer 8

Via the renal veins once it’s been filtered

Question 9

What are the five parts of the kidney?

Answer 9

Hilus
Capsule
Cortex
Medulla
Pelvis

Question 10

What is the function of the kidney?

Answer 10

Filters, toxins and waste products
Restricts water loss
Maintains homeostasis
Produces hormones

Question 11

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 11

Nephrons

Question 12

What are the three parts to a nephron

Answer 12

Glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
Tubules

Question 13

What are the two hormones acting on the kidneys?

Answer 13

Antidiuretic hormone (adh)
Aldosterone

Question 14

What does the adh hormone do

Answer 14

Controls the amount of water in the body by controlling the volume and the concentration of urine production

Question 15

What does aldosterone do

Answer 15

Controls the level of sodium and potassium in the blood

Question 16

What does erythropoietin do

Answer 16

A hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the bone marrow to make and release more red blood cells that’s increasing the oxygen delivery to cells

Question 17

Function of the bladder

Answer 17

Stores urine
Helps expel urine from the body

Question 18

What control is the urinary sphincter under

Answer 18

Conscious control

Question 19

Step by step action of mixture room is (5)

Answer 19

1. Stretch receptors in the bladder send a message via the nerves via the spinal cord to the brain that the bladder is becoming full
2. The animal may consciously decide whether or not to urinate.
3. Messages sent from the brain back down the spinal cord to the bladder.
4. This message causes contraction of the bladder muscles and abdominal muscles together with stimulation relaxation of the urinary sphincter
5. The end result is urination.

Question 20

Female urethra

Answer 20

The urethra is a short and wide tube that opens onto the ventral floor of the vagina and only transports urine

Question 21

Male urethra

Answer 21

The urethra is a long and narrow tube that runs through the penis to the outside of the body it transports both urine and semen