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Vet Nursing > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the proper medical name for red blood cell (RBC)

A

Erythrocytes

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2
Q

What is the function of erythrocytes

A

To carry oxygen around the body to cells and to remove carbon dioxide from cells from the body

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3
Q

What is the proper name for platelets

A

Thrombocytes

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4
Q

What is the function of thrombocytes

A

Assist with blood clotting

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5
Q

What is the proper name for white blood cell (WBC)

A

Leukocytes

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6
Q

What do leokocytes do

A

They fight off disease / infection, they are a immune defence and provide immunity

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7
Q

What is the function of heart valves

A

The heart valve stops the blood going backwards (the wrong way) they are unidirectional

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8
Q

What do the heart sounds represent

A

The valves closing shut “shut-shut”

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9
Q

How is the how best initiated

A

The heart beat is initiated by the sino atrial (SA) node it is the pacemaker of the heart, the SA node sends an electrical signal causing the heart to contacted first the atria then the ventricles

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10
Q

What piece of equipment do you use to measure the electrical activity of the heart

A

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

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11
Q

What does the pulse represent

A

It is the high pressure of blood being pumped around the body

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12
Q

Name and describe where three places where you can palpate a pulse

A

Femoral pulse -running down the medial aspect of the hind limbs
The metacarpal arteries -dorsal hind paw
Sublingual artery - under the tongue (anaesthetised patients only)

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13
Q

Why is the left side of the heart thicker than the right

A

The left side has to pump blood around the entire body whereas the right side only has to pump blood to the lungs

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14
Q

Three difference between veins and arteries

A

Veins - thinner, have valves, low pressure, carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
Arteries- thicker, no valves, high pressure, carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

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15
Q

What two veins are used most commonly

A

Jugular (neck)
And cephalon vein (forearm)

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16
Q

What two ways can blood pressure be monitored

A

CRT (capillaries refill time)
And blood pressure machine

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17
Q

Function of the lymphatic system

A

Collects excess fluid from tissues and returns it to the cardiovascular system

Defence system lymph fluid gets filter by lymph nodes produces antibodies

Digestive system: transfer fats after absorption from the intestines

18
Q

Why can lymph nodes sometimes be enlarged

A

Inflammation, infection and cancers

19
Q

How many chambers do mammals and birds have
Is the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood separate

A

4
Yes its separated

20
Q

How many chambers do reptiles have

Is the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood separate

A

3, has little mixing

21
Q

How many chambers do amphibian have

Is the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood separate

A

3, some mixing

22
Q

How many chambers do fish have

Is the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood separate

A

2 complete mixing

23
Q

What organ and vessels are involved in the cardiovascular system

A

Heart
Blood vessels
Blood

24
Q

What is the function of the cardiovascular system

A

Transport oxygen nutrients to the bodies tissues and to transport waste away from the bodies tissues
Helps maintain body temperature

25
Q

What is heart muscle called

A

Myocardium

26
Q

What is the thin inner lining of the heart called

A

Endocardium

27
Q

What is the thin outside layer called

A

Epicardium

28
Q

What is the sac the heart sits on called

A

Pericardium

29
Q

What is the blood flow of the heart

A

Blood flows into the atria via veins and exits the heart via verticals via arteries
Veins in
Arteries out

30
Q

Blood returns from the body through the …

A

Vena cava

31
Q

Blood returns from the lungs via the …

A

Pulmonary vein

32
Q

The main artery leaving the heart to carry blood to the rest of the body is called

A

Aorta

33
Q

The main artery leaving the heart to carry blood to the lungs is called the …

A

Pulmonary artery

34
Q

What is the left strip ventricular AV valve called

A

Mitral valve or bicuspid valve

35
Q

What is the right Atrio ventricular valve called

A

Tricuspid valve

36
Q

What are chordae tendineae and what do they do

A

They are string like connective tissues that prevent the valve inverting

37
Q

What is systolic

A

The contraction of the heart when the blood is ejected from the heart

38
Q

What is disstole

A

The brief period of relaxation between the each contraction (filling of the heart)

39
Q

What are capillaries

A

They are microscopic blood vessels forming beds or networks within a tissue

Capillaries connect arteries to veins, they are one cell thick to allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse into the lungs and into the blood stream

40
Q

What are venules

A

Small veins running from capillaries into larger veins

41
Q

What are arterioles

A

They connect to capillaries from arteries

42
Q

What does the lymphatic system include

A

Lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes
Spleen or tonsils
Lymph fluid

Vet Nursing (4 decks)

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