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Vet Nursing > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the digestive system

A

Is a hollow tube running from the mouth to the anus which is responsible for for the digestion and absorption of food and elimination of waste products

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2
Q

What organs are involved (8)

A

Mouth
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

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3
Q

What glands or organs include

A

Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas

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4
Q

What are the three functions of the digestive system

A

1 digestion of food
2 the absorption of food
3 elimination of waste

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5
Q

What are the function of saliva glands (4)

A

Lubrication to assist in swallowing
Contains some enzymes
Some anti bacterial properties
Moistens and protects tissues of mouth

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6
Q

What is the functions of the oesophagus

A

To transfer or move food down into the stomach by using muscle contractions called peristalsis

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7
Q

What is the function of the stomach

A

Stores ingested food
Mechanical digestion
The start of chemical digestion

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8
Q

What do the stomach glands produce

A

Mucus - lubricates food and protects stomach lining
HCI kills pathogenic bacteria
Pepsin- breaks down proteins

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9
Q

What is the gastro oesophageal sprinter

A

A band of muscle at the opening of the stomach that prevents reflux or food going back up the oesophagus

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10
Q

What are the four chambers of a cows stomach

A

Rumen
Reticulum
Omasum
Abomasum

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11
Q

What does the rumen do

A

Large compartment for storage and fermentation of food

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12
Q

What does the reticulum do

A

Where chemical breakdown of food occurs

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13
Q

What does the Omasum do

A

Where absorption of water and fatty acid occur

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14
Q

What does the abomasum do

A

Produces acid and enzymes

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15
Q

Function of the small intestine

A

Where most chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients happens

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16
Q

What are the three parts of the small intestine

A

Duodenum - chemical digestion
Jejunum- absorption of nutrients
Ileum- absorption of nutrients

17
Q

What three enzymes does the duodenum produce

A

Trypsin break down proteins into amino acids
Lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids
Amylase break down carbohydrates into simple sugars

18
Q

What are villi

A

They are microscopic finger like projections they increase the surface area available for absorption they are richly supplied with capillaries

19
Q

What are the parts of the large intestine

A

Colon
Caecum
Rectum
Anus

20
Q

What does the colon do

A

Responsible for Water absorption and absorption of water soluble vitamins

21
Q

What is the caecum

A

Plays an important role in microbial digestion in horses and rabbits but in dogs and cats it has a similar function to the colon to absorb water and vitamins

22
Q

What is the rectum

A

Storage of faecal matter prior to elimination of waste and produces mucous for lubrication

23
Q

What is the anus

A

The exit for waste it is under conscious control
Set of muscular bands or sphincters controlling defecation

24
Q

Function of the large intestine

A

To absorb water
Absorb water soluble vitamins
Form faeces

25
Q

What are anal sacs

A

Glands that are filled with foul fishy smelling discharge- it helps to lubricate faeces

26
Q

Functions of the liver (6)

A

Production of bile
Processing of food
Manufacture of proteins as albumin
Detoxify substances
Removal of old red blood cells
Storage of minerals and vitamins

27
Q

What is bile

A

Bile is a bright yellow liquid that help to digests fats in the duodenum

28
Q

What are the 2 vessel that enter the live and the one that leaves the liver

A

The hepatic artery (branches of the aorta,delivers o2 blood to the liver)and hepatic portal venus system (delivered nutrient rich but co2 blood to the liver) they enters
The hepatic vein (co2 blood filled with processed nutrients from the liver to the vena cava) leaves

29
Q

Pancreas function (2)

A

Exocrine pancreas -produces digestive enzymes
Endocrine pancreas - this produces the hormone insulin

Vet Nursing (9 decks)

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