Urinary System

Question 1

Major function of the urinary system

Answer 1

Eliminate and filters out waste products from the blood. It also maintains blood and helps red blood cells production.

Question 2

Transport of filtrate through the nephrons

Answer 2

1.Afferent arteriole
2. Glomerulus
3. Bowman’s Capsule
4. Proximal convoluted Tubule
5. Loop of Henle
6. Proximal tubule
7. Collecting ducts
8.Ureters

Question 3

Nephrons

Answer 3

The structural and functional units of the kidneys that are responsible for forming urine.

Question 4

Filtration

Answer 4

Occurs within the glomerulus where water and solutes smaller than proteins are forced through the capillary walls and pores of the glomerulus and into the renal Tubule(bowman’s capsule)

Question 5

Reabsorption

Answer 5

Occurs inside the proximal convoluted tubules where water, glucose, amino acids, and needed ions are transported out of the filtrate into the blood and then are secreted by the blood cells into the filtrate.

Question 6

Secretion

Answer 6

Occurs inside the proximal tubule section where hydrogen ions, potassium ions, creatinine, and drugs are removed from the blood and secreted into the filtrate, where they will then be removed from the body completely.

Question 7

What type of epithelial tissues is found in the ureters and the bladder?

Answer 7

Transitional cells

Question 8

Substances normally found in urine

Answer 8

water, urea, uric acid, electrolytes, and amino acids

Question 9

Peristalsis

Answer 9

Aids gravity in urine from insides the ureters, resulting in the urine to transport from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Question 10

Micturition

Answer 10

the process that empties urine from the bladder.
Which is activated upon impulses sent from the spinal cord.
External and internal urethral sphincters relax.

Question 11

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 11

A hormone that helps prevent excessive water loss in urine.
Helps increase the water permeability of the distal convoluted tubule epithelium to the peritubular capillaries.

Question 12

Path of blood flow into and out of the kidney

Answer 12

1) Aorta
2)Renal artery
3)segmental artery
4)Lobar artery
5)interlobar artery
6)arcuate artery
7)interlobular artery
8)afferent arteriole
9) Glomerulus
10)Efferent arteriole
11)peritubular capillaries
12)interlobular vein
13)Arcuate vein
14) renal vein
15) inferior vena cava

Question 13

Glomerulus hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 13

A type of filtration pressure of blood which forces substances through the capillary wall

Question 14

Angiotensin II

Answer 14

An enzyme that causes the efferent arteriole to constrict which increases pressure and filtration rate.
It also helps stimulate the secretion of aldosterone from adrenal glands which trigger the response of reabsorption.