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Anatomy > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is tissue?

A

A group of similar cells working together to perform a common function

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2
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

layers of skin that form the covering of all body surfaces.
-protection, absorption
-keeps all organs separated

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3
Q

Connective tissues

A

-connects and binds body tissues together
-protects and cushions
-Some are vascularized or avascular

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4
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

to produce movement.

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5
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Responsible for sending and receiving messages

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6
Q

Characteristics of Epithelial tissues

A

-cells fit closely together to form continuous sheets
-membrane always have one apical surface,(free surface)
-Lower surface of membrane rests on the basal surface
-Avascular(no blood supply)
-reproduce easily

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7
Q

How Epithelial tissues are classified

A

-simple= one layer
-stratified=more than one layer
-cuboidal=cube shaped
-squamous- flat
-columnar=column
-pseudostratified= false or appears
-transitional= cells that can stretch

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8
Q

Simple Squamous

A

a type of epithelial tissue that is a single layer of flattened cells
-Absorbs and secrets
-forms membranes lining body cavities and lining lungs and capillaries
-located in the air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

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8
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

a type of epithelial tissue that is a single layer of cube-shaped cells.
-secrets and absorbs
-located in the kidney tubes, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, and ovary surface

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9
Q

Simple Columnar

A

a type of epithelial tissue that is a single layer of tall, cylindrical cells
-absorb, secret mucus and enzymes
-located in the digestive track, small bronchi and uterine tubes.

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10
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar

A

a type of epithelial tissue that is one layer of different heights and shapes of cells
-secrets mucus
-located in the carrying ducts of large glands and in most of the upper respiratory tract

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11
Q

Transitional tissue

A

a type of epithelial tissue that resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal.
-Stretches and permits distention of the urinary bladder
-lines the ureters and part of the urethra

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12
Q

Stratified Squamous

A

-multiple layers of flat cells
-protects underlying tissues in areas of high friction
-located in the linings of the mouth and esophagus as well as the epidermis of the skin

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13
Q

Exocrine glands

A

-secretions empty through ducts to the epithelial surface
-includes sweat and oil glands

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14
Q

Endocrine Gland

A

-ductless since secretions diffuse into the blood vessels
-all secretions are hormones

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15
Q

Characteristics of connective tissue

A

-some tissue types are well vascularized
-some have poor blood supply or are avascular.

16
Q

Extracellular matrix

A

non-living materials that surrounds living cells
-made up of ground substance and fibers

17
Q

Fibers that make up the extracellular matrix

A

collagen(white) fibers
elastic(yellow) fibers
Reticular fibers

18
Q

Areolar tissue

A

a connective tissue that is soft and pliable, wraps and cushions organs, holds tissue fluid, edema.
-located in package organs, surrounds capilares.

19
Q

Adipose Tissue

A

commonly called fat
-similar matrix to areolar connective tissue
-closely packed adipocytes
-insulation against heat loss
-reserves food fuel
-protects organs
-located under skin, withing the abdomen and around organs such as the kidneys

20
Q

Reticular connective tissue

A

interwoven reticular fibers and cells
-forms soft internal skeleton (stoma) that supports other cell types
-located in lymphoid organs(bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes)

21
Q

Dense regular connective tissue

A

dense fibrous tissue
-withstands great stress when pulling force is applied in one direction
-located in ligaments,tendons, and aponeuroses.

22
Q

Dense Irregular connective tissue

A

irregularly arranged collagen fibers, with some elastic fibers
-able to withstand tension in many directions, provides structural strength.
-located in the dermis of skin, capsules of organs and joints, and the submucosa of digestive track

23
Q

Blood

A

vascular tissue
-transports nutrients and waste throughout the cardiovascular system
-found all throughout the body in blood vessels

24
Q

Bone

A

hard, calcified matrix that contains collagen fibers and osteocytes
-supports and protects organs, stores calcium minerals, and fat

25
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

adundent collagen fibers, has a glassy appearance
-supports and reinforces/cushions
-loacated in the structure of the larynx, attacks ribs to breastbone, covers ends of bones at joints

26
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

similar to hyaline cartilage, but with more elastic fibers in the matrix
-maintains shape, while allowing great flexibility
-located in external ear

27
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

less firm with thick collagen fibers
-tensile strength
-shock absorption
-located in intervertebral disks, public symphysis, and the meniscus of knee.

28
Q

ligaments

A

a short band of tough, flexible fibrous connective tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.

29
Q

Tendons

A

a fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.

30
Q

Skeletal tissue

A

-under voluntary control
-contracts to pull on bones or skin
-produces gross body movements or facial expressions

31
Q

Cardiac muscle tissue

A

-under involuntary control
-found only in the heart
-pumps blood

32
Q

Smooth muscle tissue

A

-under involuntary control
-found in walls of hallow organs
-goes through a process called peristalsis

33
Q

peristalsis

A

smooth muscles contract in waves to push food from the esophagus to the anus

34
Q

Nervous tissue

A

found in the brain,spinal cord, and nerves
-composed of neurons and support cells(neuroglia)
-responsible for sending and receiving messages

Anatomy (10 decks)

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