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10th grade > urinary system > Flashcards

urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

urinary system functions

A
  1. excretion
  2. maintains acid base balance
  3. maintain bp thru filtration and makes enzyme renin
  4. produce erythropoietin and stimulates RBC production
  5. secretes waste in form of urine
  6. eliminates urine from where its stored
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2
Q

lungs product of excretion

A

CO2 and water vapor

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3
Q

lungs process of elimination

A

exhalation

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4
Q

lungs function

A

balance pH thru exhalation

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5
Q

kidneys product of excretion

A

nitrogenous wastes and salts dissolved in water to form urine

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6
Q

kidneys process of elimination

A

urination

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7
Q

kidneys function

A

filters waste

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8
Q

skin product of excretion

A

dissolved salts and sweat

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9
Q

skin process of process of elimination

A

perspiration (sweat)

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10
Q

skin function

A

eliminates waste thru sweat glands

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11
Q

intestines product of excretion

A

solid wastes and water

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12
Q

intestines process of elimination

A

defacation

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13
Q

intestines function

A

absorbs nutrients and eliminates waste

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14
Q

The____________ are responsible for excreting nitrogenous wastes and water.

A

kidneys

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15
Q

The kidneys are located in the ______________ area.

A

abdominal cavity

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16
Q

The pathway of urine formation is _____________, ____________, ____________, ____________.

A

nephrons, renal tubules, kidney, bladder

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17
Q

The average normal daily urinary output is____________.

A

180 liters

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18
Q

The primary function of the kidneys is to ____________.

A

filters waste

19
Q

Tubes known as ____________ carry urine from each kidney by peristalsis.

A

ureters

20
Q

The correct medical prefix for kidney is ____________.

A

nephro-

21
Q

The ____________ is responsible for the formation of urine.

A

kidney

22
Q

Urine drains from the medulla into the ____________ of the kidney.

A

renal calyces

23
Q

A __________ is a noninvasive diagnostic test to examine urine.

A

urinalysis

24
Q

Structural and functional unit of kidney

A

Nephron

25
Q

Inner striated layer of kidney

A

Medulla

26
Q

Occurs after filtration

A

Reabsorption

27
Q

Two bean shaped organs

A

Kidney

28
Q

Opposite process of reabsorption

A

Secretion

29
Q

Outer granular layer of kidney

A

Cortex

30
Q

Tubes that carry urine from kidneys

A

Ureters

31
Q

First step in urine formation

A

Filtration

32
Q

Urine reservoir

A

Bladder

33
Q

Tube from bladder to outside

A

Urethra

34
Q

reabsorption

A

moves salutes and waste out and filters it back into the bloodstream

35
Q

filteration

A

filters waste out of blood and into urine

36
Q

secretion

A

molecules and substances travel out of blood and body

37
Q

formation of urine pathway

A
  1. bloodstream
    renal artery (or reabsorption (water sugar salts) to step 4)
  2. glomerulus (water sugar salts urethra wastes) (filtration)
  3. bowman’s capsule
  4. proximal convoluted tubule (secretion)
  5. loop of henle
  6. distal convoluted tubule
    component of urine (ureu, wastes, salts, water, acids)
  7. collecting tubule
  8. renal papillae
  9. calyces
  10. renal pelvis
  11. ureter
  12. urinary bladder
  13. urethra
  14. urinary meatus
38
Q

Explain the role of the hormones ADH and aldosterone in chemical control of urine secretion.

A

Maintains balance of body fluid thru reabsorption

39
Q

What causes an increase in ADH secretion?

A

an increase in osmotic blood pressure due to salt retention causes an increase in ADH secretion, dehydration, low blood volume, stress

40
Q

What causes the release of aldosterone?

A

adrenal cortex releases aldosterone/low bp or sodium lvls

41
Q

What do diuretics due to urinary output? How? Use an example.

A

diuretics increase urinary output. they do this by inhibiting the reabsorption of water. for example. alcohol inhibits the secretion of ADH which increases urinary output and may cause dehydration

42
Q

Describe how you would explain to a patient what healthy urine output and color is. What should they do if it is discolored?

A

Healthy urine output color is a pale yellow. if it is dark yellow, you need to drink more water. if it is clear, you need to drink less water. if it is discolored, visit a doctor. normal urine output is 6-8 times a day, 48-64 ounces, or 180L

43
Q

You have just ran a mile and sweated profusely. When you urinate, you notice there is only a small amount and it is concentrated. Explain what happened.

A

your body secreted waste products through sweating. therefore, there is not much urine or waste left in the body during urination

10th grade (23 decks)

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