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10th grade > digestive system > Flashcards

digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

breaking down food chemically or mechanically

A

digesstion

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2
Q

the elimination of feces (unabsorbed materials) from the body

A

defacation

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3
Q

eating

A

ingestion

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4
Q

swallowing and peristalsis pushes food thru the GI tract

A

propulsion

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5
Q

digestive organs create and release enzymes and acids

A

secretion

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6
Q

nutrients pass from the GI tract into the bloodstream

A

absorbtion

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7
Q

uses certain enzymes/chemicals to break down nutrients

A

chemical digestion

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8
Q

physically breaking down food substances into smaller particles

A

mechanical digestion

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9
Q

aka alimentary canal

A

GI tract

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10
Q

aka GI tract

A

gastrointestinal tract

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11
Q

pathway that food follows from ingestion to defacation

A

GI tract

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12
Q

food does not enter them, but they help with the process of digestion

A

accessory organs

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13
Q

includes mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

A

GI tract

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14
Q

digestion is just the _ of food thru the body and does not include filtering or _ of wastes

A

flow, elimination

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15
Q

includes teeth, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

A

accessory organs

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16
Q

order of digestion

A

mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, cardiac sphincter, stomach, small intestine, (liver, pancreas, gallbladder - attached to small intestine), nutrients absorbed by villi and go to bloodstream, leftover stuff goes to large intestine/colon, water is removed to make feces and then it is defacated

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17
Q

what are the accessory organs of the digestive system that are not part of the gi tract?

A

teeth, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

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18
Q

what are the 3 parts of the small intestine?

A

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

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19
Q

what valves separate the esophagus and stomach

A

cardiac sphincter

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20
Q

what valves separate the stomach and the duodenum

A

pyloric sphincter

21
Q

what valve separates the ileum and colon

A

ileocecal valve

22
Q

what are the 3 parts of the large intestine/colon

A

ascending, transverse, and descending colon

23
Q

what are the functions of the liver and gallbladder

A
  • liver: produce bile and export it to the duodenum
  • gallbladder: primarily stores, concentrates, and releases bile
24
Q

what’s the function of the pancreas

A

produces enzymes that help to digest food

25
Q

whats the longest part of GI tract

A

small intestine

26
Q

why is the small intestine longer than the large intestine?

A

it needs more volume to digest and absorb nutrition, because it is the main place where it occurs

27
Q

what would pass through the lumen of the esophagus

A

chewed and softened food

28
Q

what is the importance of the gastric lumen and gastric pits in the stomach

A
  • lumen: mixes food with stomach juices
  • pits: release juice to break down food
29
Q

what is the importance of the villus in the small intestine?

A

they increase the volume of the small intestine so it can intake more food

30
Q

whats the importance of goblet cells in the large intestine

A

they produce mucus that protects the large intestine form digestive fluids, and helps food move more smoothly

31
Q

when standing up, water moves through the esophagus _. when laying down, water moves through the esophagus _.

A

faster, slower

32
Q

is the speed of water affected by gravity

33
Q

what valve is between the esophagus and stomach

A

cardiac sphincter

34
Q

whats the function of the digestive system

A

breaks down food and drink into small molecules that cells can use

35
Q

what is the one way track through the digestive system called

36
Q

what are the organs of the GI tract

A

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, rectum, anus

37
Q

what is the function of the mucosa tissue layer

A

creates digestive juices that break down food

38
Q

what is the function of the muscularis mucosae tissue layer

A

assists in moving food thru GI tract

39
Q

what is peristalsis

A

rhythmic contraction and relaxation of muscularis mucosae

40
Q

where does carb/starch digestion occur

41
Q

where does protein digestion occur

A

small intestine

42
Q

where does lipid digestion occur

A

small intestine

43
Q

where does absorption of nutrients occur

A

small intestine

44
Q

what is a colonoscopy

A

camera is up anus to search GI tract

45
Q

what is esophagogastroduodenoscopy

A

camera is down throat to search GI tract

46
Q

what is an upper GI series

A

examines your esophagus, stomach and the first part of your small intestine (duodenum

47
Q

what is lower GI series

A

examines the lower part of your small intestine (ileum) and your large intestine, including your colon and rectum

48
Q

is blood in the stool normal

10th grade (23 decks)

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