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MicroAnat 2 > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Avians have renal pelvis, urinary bladder and urethra in the urinary system?

T OR F

A

F

those 3 are ABSENT in the avian’s urinary system

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1
Q

2 major functional subdivisions of the urinary system?

A

Urine producing organ and excretory passages

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2
Q

Pronephros, Mesonephros, Metanephros and Metanephrogenous tissue are parts of?

A

Embryonic urinary system

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3
Q

What are the parts of the adult urinary system?

A

Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladded
Urethra

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4
Q

Urinary system is from the LATERAL and SOMATIC mesoderm.

T OR F

A

F

Urinary system is from INTERMEDIATE and SOMATIC mesoderm.

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5
Q

Nephrogenic cord gives rise to pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros.

T OR F

A

TRUE

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6
Q
  • First to appear
  • in chick embryo at about 36 hours of incubation
  • Excretory organ of some lowest
    fishes.
A

Pronephros

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7
Q

Pronephric tubules connects wtih a common duct which is the?

A

Pronephric duct

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8
Q

Pronephric duct elongates and connects wtih the?

A

Cloaca

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9
Q

Pronephros degenerates upon
appearance of the
mesonephros.

T or F

A

TRUE

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10
Q
  • Appears later than and caudal to the pronephros
    -In chick embryo, it appears at about
    55 hours of incubation
A

Mesonephros

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11
Q

Distal end of the tubule develops a double-walled cup-like
structure?

A

glomerular capsule

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12
Q

An artery from the dorsal aorta
pushes into the glomerular
capsule and breaks up into a tuft
of capillaries

A

Glomerulus

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13
Q
  • Last to appear and most caudal in location (level of somites 26 to 28).
  • Excretory organ of older embryos and adult birds and mammals.
A

Metanephros

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14
Q

Distal end of
metanephric
diverticulum forms the?

A

Renal pelvis

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15
Q

Slender stem of
metanephric
diverticulum forms the?

A

Ureter

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16
Q

In which animals are the major and minor calyces absent?

A

Horse and carnivores

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17
Q

Glomerular capsule + glomerulus?

A

Renal corpuscle

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18
Q

The metanephric tubule elongates further to form?

A

Nephron

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19
Q

Metanephrogenous tissue of intermediate mesoderm?

A

Kidney

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20
Q

One renal lobe composed of one big medullary pyramid capped by a single cortex?

A

Unilobar or unipyramidal kidney

21
Q

Many small renal lobes, each lobe being composed of medullary pyramid and capped by a cortex?

A

Multilobar or multipyramidal kidney

22
Q
  • end of the glomerular capsule
  • communicates with the lumen of the proximal convuluted tubule
A

Urinary pole

23
Q
  • lies opposite to the urinary pole
  • site of entry and exit of arteriole
  • closely associated with juxtaglomerular capsule
A

Vascular pole

24
Q
  • involved in the regulation of systemic blood pressure
A

juxtaglomerular
apparatus

25
Q
  • myoepithelial cells that replace the smooth muscles in the t. media of the arteriole
  • lightly basophilic with round nuclei
  • intimately related to the base of macula
A

Juxtaglomerular cells

26
Q
  • tall dark columnar cells lining the portion pf the distal convuluted tubule
A

Macula densa

27
Q
  • squamous cell that occupy the area b/w afferent and efferent arteriole
A

Extraglomerular mesangial

28
Q
  • Widest and longest part of the
    nephron
  • lined by simple cuboidal either
    pyramidal or triangular epithelium
    with dark pink granular cytoplasm
    and an apical brush border
A

Proximal convulated tubule

29
Q

starts at the PCT and connects
with the DCT

A

Loop of Henle or Nephron loop

30
Q
  • connects with PCT
  • located in the medullary and
    cortico-medullary junction
  • lined by simple cuboidal
    epithelium
A

Thick descending limb
(proximal straight tubule or
PST)

31
Q
  • connects with PST at its
    proximal end
  • descends to the medulla
  • lined with simple squamos
    epithelium
A

Thin descending limb

32
Q
  • same structure as the TDL
  • also located in the renal
    medulla
A

Thin ascending limb

33
Q
  • continuation of the thin
    ascending limb
  • lined by simple cuboidal
    epithelium
A

Thick ascending limb
(Distal straight tubule or
DST)

34
Q
  • last segment of the nephron
  • connected with the collecting duct
    system
A

Distal Convoluted Tubule

35
Q
  • excretory part of the uriniferous tubule : convey
    urine to the renal pelvis or minor calyces
A

Collecting duct system

36
Q
  • short tubule that connects with
    several distal convoluted tubules and
    descends within medullary ray
  • lined by simple cuboidal epithelium:
    same morphology with DCT and
    straight collecting tubule
A

Arched collecting tubule

37
Q
  • short duct located towards the renal crest or
    papilla of the medulla
A

Papilla duct

38
Q

initial part of the urinary passages

A

Ureter

39
Q
  • Expanded sac that connects with
    the ureter cranially and the
    urethra caudally
A

Urinary bladder

40
Q

The urinary bladder is derived from proximal urachus (allantoic stalk) and cranial portion of urogenital sinus.

T OR F?

A

TRUE

41
Q

terminal part of the urinary passages
- common organ for urinary and
reproductive systems: male

A

Urethra

42
Q
  • surrounded by
    disseminate part of prostate gland:
    prostatic urethra
A

Pelvic urethra

43
Q
  • small renal corpuscle that lies
    around or midway between the interlobular and intralobular veins

Avian urinary sytem

A

Cortical or reptilian
nephron

44
Q
  • fewer than cortical nephron
  • large renal corpuscle located
    within the inner zone of the
    cortex adjacent to the medulla
  • presents loop of Henle within the
    medullary cone
A

Medullary or mammalian
nephron

45
Q

Common organ for urinary and
reproductive system

A

Urodeum

46
Q

Excretory organ for some lowest fishes?

A

Pronephros

47
Q

Excretory organ of higer fishes, amphibians and young embryos of birds and mammals?

A

Mesonephros

48
Q

Mesonephros is smallest in?

A

endotheliochorial and hemochorial

49
Q

Mesonephros is largest in?

A

epitheliochorial

50
Q

Tip of papilla is perforated by openings of the papillary duct known as the?

A

Area cribrosa

MicroAnat 2 (12 decks)

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