Urinary System Flashcards by Lizette Angeles

Avians have renal pelvis, urinary bladder and urethra in the urinary system?

T OR F

those 3 are ABSENT in the avian’s urinary system

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2 major functional subdivisions of the urinary system?

Urine producing organ and excretory passages

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Pronephros, Mesonephros, Metanephros and Metanephrogenous tissue are parts of?

Embryonic urinary system

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What are the parts of the adult urinary system?

Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladded
Urethra

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Urinary system is from the LATERAL and SOMATIC mesoderm.

T OR F

Urinary system is from INTERMEDIATE and SOMATIC mesoderm.

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Nephrogenic cord gives rise to pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros.

T OR F

TRUE

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First to appear
in chick embryo at about 36 hours of incubation
Excretory organ of some lowest
fishes.

Pronephros

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Pronephric tubules connects wtih a common duct which is the?

Pronephric duct

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Pronephric duct elongates and connects wtih the?

Cloaca

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Pronephros degenerates upon
appearance of the
mesonephros.

T or F

TRUE

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Appears later than and caudal to the pronephros
-In chick embryo, it appears at about
55 hours of incubation

Mesonephros

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Distal end of the tubule develops a double-walled cup-like
structure?

glomerular capsule

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An artery from the dorsal aorta
pushes into the glomerular
capsule and breaks up into a tuft
of capillaries

Glomerulus

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Last to appear and most caudal in location (level of somites 26 to 28).
Excretory organ of older embryos and adult birds and mammals.

Metanephros

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Distal end of
metanephric
diverticulum forms the?

Renal pelvis

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Slender stem of
metanephric
diverticulum forms the?

Ureter

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In which animals are the major and minor calyces absent?

Horse and carnivores

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Glomerular capsule + glomerulus?

Renal corpuscle

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The metanephric tubule elongates further to form?

Nephron

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Metanephrogenous tissue of intermediate mesoderm?

Kidney

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One renal lobe composed of one big medullary pyramid capped by a single cortex?

Unilobar or unipyramidal kidney

Many small renal lobes, each lobe being composed of medullary pyramid and capped by a cortex?

Multilobar or multipyramidal kidney

end of the glomerular capsule
communicates with the lumen of the proximal convuluted tubule

Urinary pole

lies opposite to the urinary pole
site of entry and exit of arteriole
closely associated with juxtaglomerular capsule

Vascular pole

- involved in the regulation of systemic blood pressure

juxtaglomerular apparatus

- myoepithelial cells that replace the smooth muscles in the t. media of the arteriole - lightly basophilic with round nuclei - intimately related to the base of macula

Juxtaglomerular cells

- tall dark columnar cells lining the portion pf the distal convuluted tubule

Macula densa

- squamous cell that occupy the area b/w afferent and efferent arteriole

Extraglomerular mesangial

- Widest and longest part of the nephron - lined by simple cuboidal either pyramidal or triangular epithelium with dark pink granular cytoplasm and an apical brush border

Proximal convulated tubule

starts at the PCT and connects with the DCT

Loop of Henle or Nephron loop

- connects with PCT - located in the medullary and cortico-medullary junction - lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

Thick descending limb (proximal straight tubule or PST)

- connects with PST at its proximal end - descends to the medulla - lined with simple squamos epithelium

Thin descending limb

- same structure as the TDL - also located in the renal medulla

Thin ascending limb

- continuation of the thin ascending limb - lined by simple cuboidal epithelium

Thick ascending limb (Distal straight tubule or DST)

- last segment of the nephron - connected with the collecting duct system

Distal Convoluted Tubule

- excretory part of the uriniferous tubule : convey urine to the renal pelvis or minor calyces

Collecting duct system

- short tubule that connects with several distal convoluted tubules and descends within medullary ray - lined by simple cuboidal epithelium: same morphology with DCT and straight collecting tubule

Arched collecting tubule

- short duct located towards the renal crest or papilla of the medulla

Papilla duct

initial part of the urinary passages

Ureter

- Expanded sac that connects with the ureter cranially and the urethra caudally

Urinary bladder

The urinary bladder is derived from proximal urachus (allantoic stalk) and cranial portion of urogenital sinus. T OR F?

TRUE

terminal part of the urinary passages - common organ for urinary and reproductive systems: male

Urethra

- surrounded by disseminate part of prostate gland: prostatic urethra

Pelvic urethra

- small renal corpuscle that lies around or midway between the interlobular and intralobular veins | Avian urinary sytem

Cortical or reptilian nephron

- fewer than cortical nephron - large renal corpuscle located within the inner zone of the cortex adjacent to the medulla - presents loop of Henle within the medullary cone

Medullary or mammalian nephron

Common organ for urinary and reproductive system

Urodeum

Excretory organ for some lowest fishes?

Pronephros

Excretory organ of higer fishes, amphibians and young embryos of birds and mammals?

Mesonephros

Mesonephros is smallest in?

endotheliochorial and hemochorial

Mesonephros is largest in?

epitheliochorial

Tip of papilla is perforated by openings of the papillary duct known as the?

Area cribrosa