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MicroAnat 2 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

T. muscularis of VESTIBULAR REGION?

A

BONE

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2
Q

T. muscularis of RESPIRATORY REGION?

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

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3
Q

T. muscularis of OLFACTORY REGION?

A

BONE

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4
Q

TRE (typical respiratory epithelium)

`

A

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM WITH GOBLET AND CILIATED CELLS

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5
Q

Tall cylindrical cells located towards the surface of the epithelium?

A

Sustentacular or support cells

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6
Q

Bipolar neurons specialized to receive stimuli for sense of smell

A

Olfactory cells

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7
Q

Triangular or cuboidal cells located along the basal layer of the epithelium and resting in the basement membrane?

A

Basal cells

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8
Q

Lining epithelium of vestibular region?

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinized with pigment cells

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9
Q

Transition b/w skin and nasal cavity?

regions

A

Vestibular region

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10
Q

Lamina Propria of the vestibular region?`

A

loose c.t. with serous or mixed tubuloalveolar gland

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11
Q

Muscularis mucosae of the vestibular region?

A

ABSENT

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12
Q

T. adventitia of the vestibular region?

A

ABSENT

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13
Q

communicates with the paranasal sinuses, cavities within the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones of the skull?

A

RESPIRATORY REGION

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14
Q

Lining epithelium of respiratory region?

A

Pseudostratified columnar kinociliated with goblet cells

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15
Q

Lamina propria of respiratory region?

A

erectile tissue (loose CT + blood sinuses) with branched tubuloalveolar serous or mixed nasal glands

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15
Q

MM?

respiratory region

A

ABSENT

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16
Q

dorso-caudal region of nasal cavity located on the ethmoturbinates and nasal septum?

A

OLFACTORY REGION

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17
Q

Lining epithelium of Olfactory region?

A

Pseudostratified columnar with stereocilia cells (no goblet cells)

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18
Q

LP of OLFACTORY REGION?

A

with branched tuvbuloalveoalr serous olfactory glands (Bowman’s gland)

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19
Q

MM?

olfactory region

A

ABSENT

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20
Q

T. adventitia?

olfacory region

A

ABSENT

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21
Q

tall cylindrical cells located towards the surface of the epithelium with wide apices with stereocilia and narrow bases

A

Sustentacular or support cells

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22
Q

bipolar neurons specialized to receive stimuli for sense

A

olfactory cells

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23
Q

triangular or cuboidal cells located along the basal layer of the epithelium and resting in the basement membrane

A

Basal cells

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24
Q
  • dorsal portion of the pharynx that communicates with the nasal cavity?
  • separated by the soft palate from oropharynx
A

NASOPHARYNX

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25
Q

L.E. of NASOPHARYNX

A

TRE

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26
Q

L.P. of NASOPHARYNX

A
  • loose or areolar CT
  • DLT AND NLT
  • branched tubuloalveolar mucous, serous
    and mixed glands
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27
Q

M.M. of NASOPHARYNX

A

ABSENT

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28
Q

T. ADVENTITIA of NASOPHARYNX

29
Q

a short irregularly shaped muscular tubular organ supported by hyaline and elastic cartilage joined by connective tissue

30
Q

L.E. of LARYNX?

A

false vocal cords - TRE
true vocal cords - stratified squamous ep. nonkeratined

31
Q

-connects the larynx and the extrapulmonary bronchi
- with C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings and a muscle that connects the cartilage

32
Q

L.E. OF TRACHEA?

33
Q
  • connects the trachea and the lung
  • similar structure to trachea
A

Extrapulmonary primary bronchus

34
Q

It expands the alveoli

A

Surfactant

35
Q

Cartilage, connective tissue and muscles of the lung are derived from mesenchymal cells from?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

36
Q

L.E. of intrapulmonary primary bronchus?

37
Q

same in structure as primary bronchus except: smaller diameter
- cartilage in the t. muscularis is made up of large plates separated by gaps filled with loose CT and smooth muscle

A

Secondary bronchus

38
Q

part of the bronchial tree where the
actual exchange of gases occurs

A

Respiratory portion

39
Q
  • expandable structure
    -enveloped by visceral pleura (DWFCT with
    mesothelium)
  • divided into lobes
40
Q

branch of respiratory bronchiole that gives off to peripheral branches: alveoli

A

Alveolar duct

41
Q
  • dead end of the respiratory region
  • round or polygonal structure with irregular lumen and a folded wall entirely formed by alveoli
A

Alveolar sac

42
Q

functional unit of the lung

A

Alveolus/i

43
Q
  • more common
  • typical squamous with oval nucleus bulging into lumen of the alveolus
A

Type 1 pneumocyte

44
Q
  • less frequent
  • polygonal or low cuboidal with round nuclues and granular cytoplasm
  • produces surfactant
A

Type 2 pneumocyte

45
Q

In mouse?

A

Type 3 pneumocyte

46
Q

Olfactory region is absent in some avian species like chicken. (T or F)

47
Q

Syrinx in avian is the equivalent of T and F vocal cords in mammals

48
Q

Lung is small and expandable in Avian respiratory system

A

False

IT IS UNEXPANDABLE AND ADHERES TO THE RIB CAGE

49
Q

Avian respiratory system has 7 air sacs that shuffle air around not for exchange of gases

A

FALSE

9 AIR SACS

50
Q
  • Short and expands to form the vestibulum

AVIAN

A

Intrapulmonary bronchus

51
Q
  • short expanded tube
  • continuous as a mesobronchus
  • connected to the abdominal air sac

AVIAN

A

Vestibulum

52
Q
  • lined with TRE with cartilage and smooth muscle in the walls
  • gives rise to recurrent secondary bronchi
A

Mesobronchus

53
Q
  • corresponds in the respiratory bronchiole in mammalian lung
A

Secondary bronchus

54
Q
  • corresponds to the alveolar ducts of mammals
  • interconnects with secondar bronchi to form a complete air conducting loop
A

Tertiary or Parabronchus

55
Q
  • corresponds to the alveolar sac of mammals
  • wall gives off tiny spaces called air capillaries which is the s ite for gas exchange

AVIAN

A

Air vesicles

56
Q
  • corresponds to the alveolus of mammals
  • projects as tiny space from the wall of air vesicle closely adjacent to blood capillaries
A

Air capillaries

57
Q
  • thin membranous structures
  • occur free in the body cavities and send diverticula into the bones (pneumatic bones)
58
Q
  • partial persisitence of laryngotracheal groove
A

Tracheosophageal fistula

59
Q
  • lack of production of pulmonary surfactant (temporary)
A

Barker foal syndrome: hyaline disease

60
Q
  • failure of closure of one or both pleuroperitoneal folds
A

Pleuroperitoneal hernia

61
Q
  • central weakness in the central tendinous part of the diaphragm
A

Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia

62
Q

L.E. of FALSE vocal cords?

63
Q

L.E. of TRUE vocal cords?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium non-keratinized

64
Q

Smooth myocytes that connects the cartilages ont he dorsal portion of the trachea?

A

Trachealis muscle

65
Q

In pig and ruminants, their brochial tree of the right lung gives off a branch called?

A

Tracheal bronchus

66
Q

Terminal branches?

A

Alveolar sacs

67
Q

Position of lungs in very young embryos?

A

dorsal to the heart

68
Q

Position of lungs in older embryos?

A

Dorsal to the heart and liver

69
Q

Eventually the lungs expand laterally and ventrally?

A

Lateral to the heart

MicroAnat 2 (12 decks)

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