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MicroAnat 2 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Rostral open end?

A

Anterior neuropore

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2
Q

Caudal open end?

A

Posterior neuropore

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3
Q

Enlarged cranial portions

A

brain

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4
Q

innermost layer (ventricular zone)

A

Germinal layer

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5
Q

Middle layer. It will also be forming the gray matter of the nervous structures.

A

Mantle layer/intermediate zone

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6
Q

Outermost layer

A

Marginal layer

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7
Q

Forebrain?

A

Prosencephalon

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8
Q

Midbrain?

A

Mesencephalon

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9
Q

Hindbrain?

A

Rhombencephalon

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10
Q

Occupies the rostral part of the head?
- presents the anterior neuropore
- presents the infundibulum

A

Prosencephalon

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11
Q

Posterior to and marked off from prosencehalon by a constriction

A

Mesencephalon

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12
Q

Posterior to and marked off from mesencephalon by a constriction

A

Rhombencephalon

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13
Q

How many neuromeres in rhombencephalon?

A

11

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14
Q

Neuromeres are a sign of?

A

Metamerism or segmentation

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15
Q

The 3 brain vesicle become 4 due to the division of rhombencephalon into?

A

a. Metencephalon
b. Myelencephalon

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16
Q

By 55 hrs, _______ is completed in head region?

A

Torsion

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17
Q

Pineal gland? has evaginated from mid-dorsal wall…

A

Epiphysis

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18
Q

Telenecephalon:
Cavity of median portion?

A

Median telocoele

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19
Q

Telenecephalon:
Cavity of lateral portion?

A

Lateral telocoele

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20
Q

Ganglion of 5th CN?

A

Semilunar (Gasserian)

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21
Q

CN 7?

A

Geniculate or Facial nerve

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22
Q

CN 8?

A

Acoustic ganglion or vestibocochlear

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23
Q

CN 7 AND CN 8 ARE?

A

Auditory Vesicle

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24
Q

CN 9?

A

Superior ganglion

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25
Q

CN 10?

A

Jugular or vagus nerve

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26
Q

Adult brain structure of: Telencephalon?

A

Cerebrum

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27
Q

Adult brain structure of: Diencephalon?

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus, retina

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28
Q

Adult brain structure of: Mesencephalon?

A

Brain stem: Midbrain

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29
Q

Adult brain structure of: Metencephalon?

A

Cerebellum
Brain stem: Pons

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30
Q

Adult brain structure of: Myelencephalon?

A

Spinal cord
Brain stem: medulla oblongata

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31
Q

Largest region of the brain?

A

Cerebrum

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32
Q

Cortex (gray matter)
Most superficial layer; few neurons and predominantly
unmyelinated fibers.

A

Molecular layer

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33
Q

Cortex (gray matter)
many small pyramidal neurons, which give it a
granular appearance.

A

Outer granular layer

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34
Q

small and medium pyramidal neurons that send
axons to adjacent cerebral cortex.

A

Outer pyramidal layer

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35
Q

many stellate or star-shaped neurons that receive
specific sensory impulses.

A

Inner granular layer

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36
Q

medium to large pyramidal neurons, stellate neurons
and granule neurons.

A

Inner pyramidal layer

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37
Q

lies next to the white matter (medulla);
predominantly spindle-shaped neurons.

A

Fusiform or polymorphic cell layer

38
Q

IN BRAIN: LOCATION OF GRAY MATTER?

A

Outer portion

39
Q

IN BRAIN: LOCATION OF WHITE MATTER?

A

Inner portion

40
Q

A pale staining outer molecular layer (unmyelinated nerve fibers + few small neurons)

A

Outer molecular layer

41
Q

located at the middle (multipolar neuron)

A

Purkinje (piriform) cell layer

42
Q

made up of closely packed basophilic small neurons called granule cells

A

Inner granule cell layer

43
Q

large multipolar neurons with several dendrites that project into the outer molecular layer and a single axon that extends into into the white matter

A

Purkinje cells

44
Q

A complex tubular structure that secretes cerebrospinal fluid.

A

choroid plexus

45
Q

a clear colorless ultrafiltrate of blood that fills the brain ventricles

A

cerebrospinal fluid

46
Q

tubular organ with a thick wall and a tiny central lumen, covered by meninges around them

A

Spinal cord

47
Q

Arising from the wall of spinal cord

A

Spinal ganglion

48
Q

Spinal cord: Gray matter location?

A

Inside

49
Q

Spinal cord: White matter location?

A

Outside

50
Q

Pathway for sensory (afferent) nerve fibers

A

Dorsal root

51
Q

Pathway for motor (afferent) nerve fibers

A

Ventral root

52
Q

It causes the color in white matter

A

Myelin (lipid)

53
Q

c.t. membranes that encapsulate the the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

54
Q

Simple squamous epithelium in pia mater

A

Ependymal cells

55
Q

Axons are covered by myelin sheath formed by?

A

Schwann cell

56
Q

It conducts impulses from the receptor organs to CNS

A

Sensory or afferent neurons

57
Q

conduct impulses to target organs

A

Motor or efferent neurons

58
Q

transfer sensory impulses from sensory neurons to efferent neurons

A

Association neurons or interneurons

59
Q

ovoid mass formed by nerve cell bodies outside the cns.

A

Ganglion

60
Q

capsule of DWFCT with significant amount of adipose tissue that encapsulate the nerve trunk

A

Epineurium

61
Q

layer of collagen fibers and one to three layers of perineural cells

A

Perineurium

62
Q

delicate tube of loose c.t. that wraps individual nerve fibers

A

Endoneurium

63
Q

Ovoid or cone-shaped thinly encapsulated body located in the dermal papillae of hairless skin

A

Meissner’s corpuscle

64
Q

The largest encapsulated nerve ending in the body

A

Vater-Pacinian corpuscle

65
Q

Failure of cerebellum to develop due to destruction of cerebellar cortex

A

Cerebellar hypoplasia and atrophy

66
Q

Accumulation of excessive amount of CSF in the cranial cavity

A

Hydrocephalus

67
Q

Thin walled and greatly enlarged lateral ventricle filled with CSF

A

Hydranencephaly

68
Q

General term for a malformation of the spinal cord

A

Myelodysplasia

69
Q

reduce or absence of development of one or more segments of spinal cord

A

Hypoplasia

70
Q

dilation of central canal due to excess accumulation of CSF

A

Hydromyelia

71
Q

abnormal cavitation of the spinal cord

A

Syringomyelia

72
Q

2 spinal cords develop beside each other

A

Diplomyelia

73
Q

2 spinal cords develop with a partition between them

A

Diastematomyelia

74
Q

cleft in neural tube brought about by the failure of this part to close during neurulation

A

Myeloschisis

75
Q

Protrusion of meninges to form a cyst beneath the skin

A

Meningocoele

76
Q

Both the meninges and the spinal cord protrudes

A

Meningomyelocoele

77
Q

By hrs. of incubation, the lateral walls of prosencephalon to form the 2 primary optic vesicles

A

29-30

78
Q

Anterior/cranial neuropore is almost closed by _______ hrs?

A

33 hrs

79
Q

Prosencephalon

neuromeres

A

I - III

80
Q

Mesencephalon

A

IV - V

81
Q

Metencephalon

A

VI - VII

82
Q

Myelencephalon

A

VIII - XI

83
Q

What is the white matter of the brain stem?

A

Corpus callosum

84
Q

Openings of lateral telocoeles?

A

Foramina of Monroe

85
Q

Median telencephalon will be forming the?

A

Rhinencephalon

86
Q

parallel to brain stem?

A

Cranial ganglion

87
Q

Parallel to spinal cord?

A

Spinal ganglion

88
Q

Smaller than sensory ganglion, lies parallel to the spinal cord?

A

Sympathetic ganglion

89
Q

Outside the wall of viceral organs/ganglion

Parasympathetic

A

Extramural ganglion

90
Q

Located within the wall of tubular organ

Parasympathetic

A

Intramural ganglion

MicroAnat 2 (12 decks)

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