Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
Rostral open end?
A
Anterior neuropore
2
Q
Caudal open end?
A
Posterior neuropore
3
Q
Enlarged cranial portions
A
brain
4
Q
innermost layer (ventricular zone)
A
Germinal layer
5
Q
Middle layer. It will also be forming the gray matter of the nervous structures.
A
Mantle layer/intermediate zone
6
Q
Outermost layer
A
Marginal layer
7
Q
Forebrain?
A
Prosencephalon
8
Q
Midbrain?
A
Mesencephalon
9
Q
Hindbrain?
A
Rhombencephalon
10
Q
Occupies the rostral part of the head?
- presents the anterior neuropore
- presents the infundibulum
A
Prosencephalon
11
Q
Posterior to and marked off from prosencehalon by a constriction
A
Mesencephalon
12
Q
Posterior to and marked off from mesencephalon by a constriction
A
Rhombencephalon
13
Q
How many neuromeres in rhombencephalon?
A
11
14
Q
Neuromeres are a sign of?
A
Metamerism or segmentation
15
Q
The 3 brain vesicle become 4 due to the division of rhombencephalon into?
A
a. Metencephalon
b. Myelencephalon
16
Q
By 55 hrs, _______ is completed in head region?
A
Torsion
17
Q
Pineal gland? has evaginated from mid-dorsal wall…
A
Epiphysis
18
Q
Telenecephalon:
Cavity of median portion?
A
Median telocoele
19
Q
Telenecephalon:
Cavity of lateral portion?
A
Lateral telocoele
20
Q
Ganglion of 5th CN?
A
Semilunar (Gasserian)
21
Q
CN 7?
A
Geniculate or Facial nerve
22
Q
CN 8?
A
Acoustic ganglion or vestibocochlear
23
Q
CN 7 AND CN 8 ARE?
A
Auditory Vesicle
24
Q
CN 9?
A
Superior ganglion
25
CN 10?
Jugular or vagus nerve
26
Adult brain structure of: Telencephalon?
Cerebrum
27
Adult brain structure of: Diencephalon?
Thalamus, hypothalamus, retina
28
Adult brain structure of: Mesencephalon?
Brain stem: Midbrain
29
Adult brain structure of: Metencephalon?
Cerebellum
Brain stem: Pons
30
Adult brain structure of: Myelencephalon?
Spinal cord
Brain stem: medulla oblongata
31
Largest region of the brain?
Cerebrum
32
Cortex (gray matter)
Most superficial layer; few neurons and predominantly
unmyelinated fibers.
Molecular layer
33
Cortex (gray matter)
many small pyramidal neurons, which give it a
granular appearance.
Outer granular layer
34
small and medium pyramidal neurons that send
axons to adjacent cerebral cortex.
Outer pyramidal layer
35
many stellate or star-shaped neurons that receive
specific sensory impulses.
Inner granular layer
36
medium to large pyramidal neurons, stellate neurons
and granule neurons.
Inner pyramidal layer
37
lies next to the white matter (medulla);
predominantly spindle-shaped neurons.
Fusiform or polymorphic cell layer
38
IN BRAIN: LOCATION OF GRAY MATTER?
Outer portion
39
IN BRAIN: LOCATION OF WHITE MATTER?
Inner portion
40
A pale staining outer molecular layer (unmyelinated nerve fibers + few small neurons)
Outer molecular layer
41
located at the middle (multipolar neuron)
Purkinje (piriform) cell layer
42
made up of closely packed basophilic small neurons called granule cells
Inner granule cell layer
43
large multipolar neurons with several dendrites that project into the outer molecular layer and a single axon that extends into into the white matter
Purkinje cells
44
A complex tubular structure that secretes cerebrospinal fluid.
choroid plexus
45
a clear colorless ultrafiltrate of blood that fills the brain ventricles
cerebrospinal fluid
46
tubular organ with a thick wall and a tiny central lumen, covered by meninges around them
Spinal cord
47
Arising from the wall of spinal cord
Spinal ganglion
48
Spinal cord: Gray matter location?
Inside
49
Spinal cord: White matter location?
Outside
50
Pathway for sensory (afferent) nerve fibers
Dorsal root
51
Pathway for motor (afferent) nerve fibers
Ventral root
52
It causes the color in white matter
Myelin (lipid)
53
c.t. membranes that encapsulate the the brain and spinal cord
Meninges
54
Simple squamous epithelium in pia mater
Ependymal cells
55
Axons are covered by myelin sheath formed by?
Schwann cell
56
It conducts impulses from the receptor organs to CNS
Sensory or afferent neurons
57
conduct impulses to target organs
Motor or efferent neurons
58
transfer sensory impulses from sensory neurons to efferent neurons
Association neurons or interneurons
59
ovoid mass formed by nerve cell bodies outside the cns.
Ganglion
60
capsule of DWFCT with significant amount of adipose tissue that encapsulate the nerve trunk
Epineurium
61
layer of collagen fibers and one to three layers of perineural cells
Perineurium
62
delicate tube of loose c.t. that wraps individual nerve fibers
Endoneurium
63
Ovoid or cone-shaped thinly encapsulated body located in the dermal papillae of hairless skin
Meissner's corpuscle
64
The largest encapsulated nerve ending in the body
Vater-Pacinian corpuscle
65
Failure of cerebellum to develop due to destruction of cerebellar cortex
Cerebellar hypoplasia and atrophy
66
Accumulation of excessive amount of CSF in the cranial cavity
Hydrocephalus
67
Thin walled and greatly enlarged lateral ventricle filled with CSF
Hydranencephaly
68
General term for a malformation of the spinal cord
Myelodysplasia
69
reduce or absence of development of one or more segments of spinal cord
Hypoplasia
70
dilation of central canal due to excess accumulation of CSF
Hydromyelia
71
abnormal cavitation of the spinal cord
Syringomyelia
72
2 spinal cords develop beside each other
Diplomyelia
73
2 spinal cords develop with a partition between them
Diastematomyelia
74
cleft in neural tube brought about by the failure of this part to close during neurulation
Myeloschisis
75
Protrusion of meninges to form a cyst beneath the skin
Meningocoele
76
Both the meninges and the spinal cord protrudes
Meningomyelocoele
77
By hrs. of incubation, the lateral walls of prosencephalon to form the 2 primary optic vesicles
29-30
78
Anterior/cranial neuropore is almost closed by _______ hrs?
33 hrs
79
Prosencephalon
| neuromeres
I - III
80
Mesencephalon
IV - V
81
Metencephalon
VI - VII
82
Myelencephalon
VIII - XI
83
What is the white matter of the brain stem?
Corpus callosum
84
Openings of lateral telocoeles?
Foramina of Monroe
85
Median telencephalon will be forming the?
Rhinencephalon
86
parallel to brain stem?
Cranial ganglion
87
Parallel to spinal cord?
Spinal ganglion
88
Smaller than sensory ganglion, lies parallel to the spinal cord?
Sympathetic ganglion
89
Outside the wall of viceral organs/ganglion
| Parasympathetic
Extramural ganglion
90
Located within the wall of tubular organ
| Parasympathetic
Intramural ganglion
