Urinary System

Question 1

what does the urinary system consist of?

Answer 1

kidneys, urinary ducts, bladder

Question 2

where are the kidneys located?
- what are the 3 layers of the kidneys?

Answer 2

at the back of the abdominal cavity, under the diaphragm
- renal cortex (outer layer), renal medulla (inner layer), and renal pelvis (innermost portion)

Question 3

renal cortex

Answer 3

made up of one million nephrons

Question 4

nephrons

Answer 4

tiny filters of the kidneys

Question 5

glomerulus

Answer 5

a cluster of capillaries inside each nephron

Question 6

bowman’s capsule

Answer 6

what surrounds the nephron and leads to a tubule

Question 7

renal arteries

Answer 7

how kidneys receive blood. branch off the aorta

Question 8

what do they kidneys do?

Answer 8

filter blood, reabsorb needed materials, secrete wastes and excess waters in the urine

Question 9

blood from the renal arteries flows where? what happens after this?

Answer 9

into arterioles in the glomerulus, where it is filtered.
after this, glomerular filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule where water and other organic molecules are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream

Question 10

distal convoluted tubule

Answer 10

where substances such as urea and drugs are removed from the blood. the pH of blood can also be adjusted here by the secretion of hydrogen ions

Question 11

renal medulla

Answer 11

where unabsorbed materials flow out from the collecting tubules that are located here, then to the renal pelvis as urine

Question 12

ureters

Answer 12

how urine is drained from the kidney

Question 13

from the ureters, where does urine go?

Answer 13

urinary bladder, where it is stored until expelled from the body through the urethra