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Embryology > Urinary Embryology > Flashcards

Urinary Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the urinary system derived from?

A

Intermediate mesoderm - urogenital ridge

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2
Q

How does the urinary system develop?

A

Sequentially - overlapping systems

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3
Q

What are the stages of urinary development?

A

Pronephros
Mesonephros
Metanephros

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4
Q

What is the first stage of urinary development?

A

Pronephros

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5
Q

When does the pronephros first appear?

A

Week 4

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6
Q

What region of the embryo does the pronephros form?

A

Cervical region

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7
Q

What happens in the pronephros stage?

A

Nephrotomes formed from intermediate mesoderm

Nephrotomes join into pronephric duct

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8
Q

Where does the pronephric duct lie?

A

From cervical region to cloaca

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9
Q

What is the second stage of urinary development?

A

Mesonephros

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10
Q

Where does the mesonephros develop?

A

Caudally to pronephros

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11
Q

What happens in the mesonephros stage?

A

Presence of pronephric duct induces formation of mesonephric tubules

Mesonephric tubules drain into mesonephric duct

Mesonephric duct sprouts the ureteric bud

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12
Q

What is the mesonephric duct?

A

Continuation of the pronephric duct

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13
Q

What acts as the embryonic kidney?

A

Mesonephric tubules + mesonephric duct

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14
Q

What is the third stage of urinary development?

A

Metanephros

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15
Q

When does the metanephros appear?

A

Week 5

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16
Q

What does the metanephros form?

A

Definitive kidney

17
Q

When is the metanephros fully functional?

A

Week 12

18
Q

What happens in the metanephros stage?

A

Mesonephric duct makes contact with the metanephric blastema to form the metanephric system

19
Q

What are the components of the metanephric system?

A

Collecting system

Excretory system

20
Q

What is the collecting system derived from?

A

Ureteric bud

21
Q

What happens in the collecting system?

A

Dilates to create

  • ureter
  • renal pelvis
  • major + minor calyces
  • collecting tubules
22
Q

What is the excretory system derived from?

A

Metanephric blastema

23
Q

What happens in the excretory system?

A

Each collecting tubule covered by a metanephric tissue cap - gives rise to excretory tubules

Excretory tubules form the nephron

  • proximal end = bowmans capsule
  • distal end = PCT, LoH, DCT
24
Q

What structure forms the bladder and urethra?

A

Cloaca

25
Q

What happens to the cloaca in week 4-7?

A

Divided by uro-rectal septum

  • anterior = urogenital sinus
  • posterior = anal canal
26
Q

What is the urogenital sinus divided into?

A

Upper part
Pelvic part
Caudal part

27
Q

What does the upper part of the urogenital sinus form?

A

Bladder

28
Q

What does the pelvic part of the urogenital sinus form?

A

Females

  • urethra
  • some reproductive tract

Males

  • prostatic urethra
  • membranous urethra
29
Q

What does the caudal part of the urogenital sinus form?

A

Female
- some reproductive tract

Male
- spongy urethra

30
Q

What initially drains the bladder?

A

Allantois

31
Q

What happens to the allantois?

A

Oblterated and becomes the urachus

Urachus - median umibilical ligament

Embryology (13 decks)

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