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Embryology > Pituitary, Thyroid + Tongue Embryology > Flashcards

Pituitary, Thyroid + Tongue Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the relevance of the pituitary, thyroid and tongue?

A

All midline structures

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2
Q

What does the anterior pituitary develop from?

A

Rathke’s pouch

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3
Q

What is Rathke’s pouch?

A

Outpocketing of the ectoderm of the stomatodeum

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4
Q

What forms the pituitary stalk?

A

Infundibulum

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5
Q

What does the posterior pituitary develop from?

A

Infundibulum

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6
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

Downward growth of the forebrain

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7
Q

When does the pituitary start developing?

A

Week 3

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8
Q

How does the pituitary develop?

A

Rathke’s pouch appears and extends up to the infundibulum

By week 8, detaches from oral cavity and attaches to infundibulum

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9
Q

When does the tongue start to develop?

A

Week 4

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10
Q

What is the tongue derived from?

A

Mucosa - pharyngeal arches 1-4

Musculature - occipital somites

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11
Q

What is the first stage of tongue development?

A

Formation of ligual and medial swellings

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12
Q

How many lingual swellings are there?

A

2

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13
Q

Where are the lingual swellings derived from?

A

1st pharyngeal arch

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14
Q

What do the lingual swellings form?

A

Mucosa of anterior 2/3 tongue

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15
Q

How many medial swellings are there?

A

3

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16
Q

What is the first medial swelling/

A

Tuberculum impar

17
Q

Where is the tuberculum impar derived from?

A

1st pharyngeal arch

18
Q

What does the tuberculum impar form?

A

Mucosa of anterior 2/3 tongue

19
Q

What is the second medial swelling?

A

Cupola

20
Q

Where is the cupola derived from?

A

2nd, 3rd, 4th pharyngeal arches

21
Q

What does the cupola form?

A

Mucosa of posterior 1/3 tongue

22
Q

What is the third medial swelling?

A

Epiglottal swelling

23
Q

What is the epiglottal swelling derived from?

A

4th pharyngeal arch

24
Q

What does the epiglottal swelling form?

A

Epiglottis

25
Q

How does the mucosa of the tongue form?

A

Lateral lingual swellings overgrow the tuberculum impar to form anterior 2/3 tongue

Cupola fuses with anterior tongue forming a groove called the terminal sulcus

Centre of terminal sulcus is the foramen cecum

Tongue is initially tethered to floor of the oral cavity but apoptosis leaves on the lingual frenulum

26
Q

How does the musculature of the tongue form?

A

Somites migrate from neck to give the musculature

27
Q

Where does the thyroid begin development?

A

Foramen cecum

28
Q

How does the thyroid develop?

A

Proliferation of endodermal cells between cupola and tuberculum impar

Cell proliferation bifurcates and descends into neck

29
Q

What is formed by the descent of the thyroid?

A

Thyroglossal duct

30
Q

When should the thyroglossal duct regress?

A

Week 10

Embryology (13 decks)

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