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Embryology > The beginning > Flashcards

The beginning Flashcards

1
Q

What is embryology?

A

The study of progression from a single cell to a baby - includes molecular, cellular and structural factors

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2
Q

Where does fertilisation occur?

A

Ampullary region of the fallopian tube

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3
Q

What is embryonic age?

A

Time since fertilisation

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4
Q

What is gestational age?

A

Time since last menstruation - embryonic age + 2

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5
Q

What is the germinal stage?

A

Time from fertilisation to end of the second week

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6
Q

What is the embryonic period?

A

Time from the start of the third week to the end of the eight week

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7
Q

What is the foetal period?

A

Time from the start of the ninth week to birth

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8
Q

What is the fertilised egg called over the first few days?

A

Zygote -> morula -> blastocyst

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9
Q

What is the structure of the blastocyst on day 2?

A

Zona pellucida
Outer cell mass
Inner cell mass

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10
Q

What has to happen to the blastocyst before it can implant?

A

Lose the zona pellucida - process known as hatching

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11
Q

What happens to the blastocyst to prepare for implantation?

A

Loses the zona pellucida
Outer cell mass becomes trophoblast
Inner cell mass migrates to top of blastocyst
Formation of blastocyst cavity

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12
Q

What is the function of the trophoblast?

A

Becomes the yolk sac and placenta - provides nutrition

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13
Q

What is histiotrophic nutrition?

A

Nutrition provided to the embryo not from maternal blood - up to 12 weeks

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14
Q

What is haemotrophic nutrition?

A

Nutrition provided by the mothers blood

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15
Q

What does the inner cell mass split into in day 3/4?

A

Embryoblast

Primative endoderm

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16
Q

What day does implantation typically occur?

A

Day 6

17
Q

What happens on day 8?

A

Trophoblast differentiates into

  • cytotrophoblast
  • syncytiotrophoblast

Embryoblast differentiates into

  • hypoblast
  • epiblast
18
Q

What forms the bilaminar disc?

A

Hypoblast

Epiblast

19
Q

What happens on day 13?

A

Hypoblast produces the yolk sac and chorionic cavity

Amniotic cavity forms within the epiblast

20
Q

What is week 2 known as?

A

Week of 2s

21
Q

Why is it known as the week of 2s?

A

Trophoblast differentiates into 2 layers

  • cytotrophoblast
  • syncytiotrophoblast

Embyroblast forms 2 layers

  • epiblast
  • hypoblast

Hypoblast contributes to the formation of 2 cavities

  • yolk sac
  • chorionic cavity

Embryology (13 decks)

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