Urinary Elimination Flashcards
What do the kidneys do?
filter debris out of the blood stream and into urine to be expelled from the body
where are the kidneys located?
retro perineal
metabolic waste
creatinine & urea & bilirubin
what does creatinine show
shows breakdown of muscle tissues & protein
what does urea show
breakdown of proteins
what does bilirubin show
breakdown of RBC
what does rennin do/ what is it?
anti diuretic hormone
-triggered with LBP, dehydrated
regulates BP
What does the glomerular filtration scale measure?
measures creatinine in the blood stream
the more in the blood=less kidneys are filtering
what is a normal/good GFR score?
GFR 90 -120
what does GFR stand for?
Glomerular Filtration Rate
what is specific gravity?
measure of dissolved solutes in urine
less h2O = more solute
what is normal urines specific gravity range?
1.002-1.030
Enuresis
involuntary elimination of urine
normal in kids
neuro effects
what is a neurogenic bladder
nervous system no longer controlling bladder
ingested factors that affect urinary function
caffeine
alcohol
diuretics
diet-sodium
activity-sweat/fluid loss
how do anticholinergics affect urination?
urge incontinence- increase capacity of bladder, by relaxing its muscles
how do antidepressants affect urination?
stress incontinence- relaxes bladder muscles and the nerves that control the bladder sphincter
how to antispasmodics affect urination?
urge incontinence- increase capacity of bladder by relaxing its muscles
What symptoms should you look for with a PT with a urinary problem?
-odor
-color
-urgency
-labs- creatinine
-I&O- more out than in
-back pain
-skin integrity
-cognitive status
-cognitive changes-confusion
what are different types of catheters?
indwelling, straight, suprapubic
avg mL of urine produced per hour & per day
50-60
1500
What is an indwelling catheter?
foley stays in the patient- usually with a balloon
what is a straight catheter?
single use drain- insert, drain, takeout
*good for sterile urine samples
what is a suprapubic catheter?
bypasses the urethra all together- hole in ABD and straight into bladder
nursing responsibilities with urination
Toileting routines-q2h
Assist with positioning / personal hygiene
Increase fluid intake
Collect specimens
UA / culture
Know differences between ways to collect the urine sample
Clean catch, sterile, 24 hour sample
ways to collect a urine sample
clean catch, sterile, 24 hour sample
what is a clean catch?
mid-stream collection
what is a sterile sample?
from a catheter-straight or foley
what is a 24 hour sample?
all urine is collected -except 1st void
shows totals-proteins, creatinine, etc…
