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CLINICAL MICROSCOPY > urinary CRYSTALS > Flashcards

urinary CRYSTALS Flashcards

1
Q

this is formed by the precipitation of urine solutes including inorganic salts, organic solvents and medications

a. casts
b. crystals
c. artifacts

A

crystals

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2
Q

crystals are affected by changes in the following except

a. ph
b. temperature
c. solute concentration
d. aota
e. nota

A

ans: e

crystals are affected by changes in (PTS)
PH
TEMPERATURE
SOLUTE CONCENTRATION

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3
Q

abnormal crystals are reported per?

a. lpf
b. hpf
c. oio

A

lpf

normal crystals: hpf

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4
Q

acidic urine or alkaline urine

uric acid

A

acidic urine

amorphous urates
calcium oxalate
uric acid
abnormal crystals

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5
Q

acidic urine or alkaline urine

amorphous urates

A

acidic urine

amorphous urates
calcium oxalate
uric acid
abnormal crystals

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6
Q

acidic urine or alkaline urine

amorphous phosphate

A

alkaline urine

amorphous phosphate
amorphous biurates
calcium carbonate
calcium phosphate
triple phosphate
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7
Q

what crystal to be form if you ingests food that is rich in oxalic acid or vitamin c

a, amorphous urates

b. oxalic acid
c. uric acid
d. calcium oxalate

A

calcium oxalate

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8
Q

who is APATITE

a, amorphous urates

b. oxalic acid
c. uric acid
d. calcium phosphate

A

calcium phosphate

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9
Q

this crystal has a pink sediment

a. amorphous urates
b. amorphous phosphate
c. uric acid

A

amorphous urates
- pink sediment (uroerythrin)

amorphous phosphate
- whiteprecipitate

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10
Q

it has a variety of shapes

a. amorphous urates
b. amorphous phosphate
c. uric acid

A

uric acid

rhombic, wedge, hexagonal, whetsone, lemon shaped, and nipple shaped

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11
Q

it can be seen in patients suffering from leukemia receiving chemotherapy

a. amorphous urates
b. amorphous phosphate
c. uric acid

A

uric acid

can be seen in patients receiving chemotherapy ( LESCH NYLAN SYNDROME) and sometimes in persons witgh gout

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12
Q

most common form of calcium oxalate

a. whedellite
b. whewelite

A

dihydrate (whedelite)

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13
Q

form of caox most frequently seen by children and pets

a. dihydrate
b. monohydrate

A

the MONOHYDRATE form is most frequently seen in children and pets because anti freeze tastes sweet and uncovered containers left in garages has a massive amounts of crystals

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14
Q

it porduces WHITE PPT

a. amorphous urates
b. amorphous phosphate
c. uric acid

A

AMORPHOUS PHOSPHATES

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15
Q

it produces FEATHERY APPEARANCE when crystal disintegrates

a. uric acid
b . triple phosphate
c, calcium phosphate

A

triple phosphate

  • colorless
  • easily to see when it is prism shape
  • frequently it is seen as coffin lid
  • when it is disintegrate it produces feathery appearance
    fern leaf shape
    sheets or flakes
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16
Q

this crystal is associated with P. vulgaris

a. uric acid
b. apatite
c. struvite

A

triple phosphate / magnesium ammonium phosphate / struvite

17
Q

this crystal can be differentiated by the formation of gas after the addition of acetic acid

a. calcium oxalate
b. calcium phosphate
c. calcium carbonate

A

calcium carbonate

  • produce gas after the addition of acetic acid
18
Q

colorless hexagonal plates

a. cysteine
b. cholesterol
c. tyrosine

A

cysteine

19
Q

it is associated with liver disease

a. bilirubin
b. leucine
c. tyrosine

A

aota

associated with liver disease (BLT)
blilrubin
leucine
tyrosine

20
Q

this crystal has a staircase patter

a. cysteine
b. tyrosine
c. cholesterol

A

cholesterol

- rectangular shape with notch in one or more corners (staircase pattern)

21
Q

tyrosine and leucine can be seen in patients that is positive on what chemical test

a. protein
b. bilirubin
c. ascorbic acid

A

bilirubin
- indicator of liver disease

protein
- kidney disease

22
Q

clumped needles that has a bright yellow color

a. bilirubin
b. tyrosine
c. leucine

A

bilirubin

23
Q

sheaves of wheat

a. bilirubin
b. sulfonamides
c. penicillin

A

sulfonamides

24
Q

(+) on lignin tests

a. sulfonamides
b. calcium phosphates
c. bilirubin

A

sulfonamides

(+) on lignin test —-> yellow

25
Q

positive in the test cyanide nitroprusside test’

a. cholesterol
b. uric acid
c. cystine

A

cystine

26
Q

it appears as larger granules and may have spicules similar to ammonium biurate seen in alkaline urine

a, acid urates

b. sodium urates
c. triple phosphate

A

acid urates

27
Q

this crystals are needle shaped and can be seen in synovial fluid

a, acid urates

b. sodium urates
c. triple phosphate

A

sodium urates

- needle shaped and can be seen in synovial fluid during episodes of gout

28
Q

manner of reporting

which of the following is not reported as rfmoma per LPF

a. mucus
b. sec
c. tec
d. bacteria

A

ans: c and d

rfmoma per LPF

  • squamous epithelial cell
  • mucus
29
Q

which of the following is not reported as average number per lpf

a. casts
b. abnormal crystals
c. normal crystals
d. mucus

A

ans: c and d

normla crystals - average number per hpf
mucus - rfmoma per lpf

average number per lpf

  • casts
  • abnormal crystals
30
Q

spheres with dimpled center

a. starch granules
b. oil droplets
c. air bubbles

A

starch granaules

CLINICAL MICROSCOPY (14 decks)

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