urea and electrolytes interpretation (geekymeds) Flashcards
what is the determinant of serum creatinine
the kidneys ability to filter creatinine from the bloodstream
what does a raised creatinine level indicate
kidney dysfunction
what is eGFR
an estimation of GFR which can’t be directly measured
what happens as the serum creatinine rises
the eGFR will decrease which indicates worsening kidney dysfunction
what does eGFR>90 mean
normal results –
if other tests show kidney damage then its stage 1 kidney disease
what does eGFR of 60-89
stage 2 kidney disease with other test showing signs of kidney damage
what does eGFR of 45-59
stage 3a kidney disease
what does eGFR of 30-44 mean
stage 3b kidney disease
what does eGFR of 15-29 mean
stage 4 kidney disease
what does eGFR of under 15 mean
stage 5 kidney disease
what is urea
a waste product of protein breakdown produced in liver
what can raised serum urea indicate
- renal dysfunction
- dehydration
- upper GI bleeding
what does low serum urea indicate
usually non-pathological
associated with pregnancy and those of low protein diet
what is sodium the main determinant of
plasma osmolality
what does sodium levels of over 146mmol mean
COMMONLY dehydration
sometimes can be diabetes, drugs, osmotic diuresis and extreme levels of salt ingestion
what do sodium levels of under 135mmol mean
failure to excrete water normally
what does potassium over 5.5mmol mean
- decreased renal excretion
- medicines
- tissue damage
- diabetic ketoacidosis
- disease
what does potassium levels of under 3.5mmol mean
- GI potassium loss
- renal potassium loss
- intracellular potassium accumulation
