13 rbc production Flashcards
Until 5 years
where are RBCs made?
After 5 years of age
where are RBCs made?
After 20 years of age
where are RBCs made?
What is a RBC count measured in?
Millions per cubic millimetre (million/mm3)
What is proerythroblast?
The first erythrocyte from stem cells under the influence of erythropoeitin
What are basophilic erythroblasts?
Proertyhroblasts but smaller and with a basophilic cytoplasm with ribosomes
What is polychromatophilic erythroblastosis?
The last precursor cell capable of mitosis
What is normoblast?
Slightly larger than a mature erythrocyte with a small dense nucleus
What is reticulocyte?
Contains ribosomes and a basophilic stain
What are the plasma proteins?
Albumins
What do albumins do?
Control the osmotic pressure of plasma
What do globulins do?
Attack foreign protein and pathogens
What does fibrinogen do?
Form insoluble strands of fibrin leading to blood clotting
Do RBCs proliferate?
No
Describe the destruction of RBCs
Phagocytic cells recognise damaged RBCs and engulf them and recycle amino acids and iron ions
What is haematuria?
The presence of intact RBCs in urine
What happens to bilirubin from blood?
It is released to the bloodstream to bind to albumin and be transported to the liver to be excreted in bile
What happens to iron from RBCs?
Either stored in phagocytes or released into blood by binding to transferrin which transport it to bone marrow
Describe the membrane of erythrocytes
Has a negative surface charge
What is the hematocrits?
The volume percentage of RBCs in blood
What factors affect RBC production?
Decreased oxygen supply to kidney cells to secrete erythropoietin
What are vitamin B12 and folic acid important for in RBC production?
The final maturation of RBCs
What is vitamin C important for in RBCs?
Reducing the ferric form of iron to ferrous to facilitate its absorption and transport
What is anaemia?
A decrease in haemoglobin or RBC count
What does anaemia lead to?
A decrease in blood ability to transport oxygen to tissue cells
What does the plasma membrane of RBCs contain?
Antigens
What is the ABO blood group system?
A system for blood that depends on the presence or absence of and A or B antigen on the RBC
What is the universal recipient and why?
AB as they have no antibodies in their plasma
What is the universal donor and why?
O as they have no antigens in the RBC
