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Geography > Urbanisation > Flashcards

Urbanisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What do people use to explain the layout of urban areas?

A
  • An urban model

E.g. The burgess model

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2
Q

What does morphology mean?

A

Describes the internal structure of a city.

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3
Q

Describe a burgess model.

Four points

A
  • 5 concentric circles
  • centre = CBD
  • City grows outwards
  • based on Chicago
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4
Q

What are the urban zones/ functional zones of the burgess model?

A
  • CBD
  • inner city
  • suburbs
  • rural/ urban fringe
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5
Q

List the problems with the burgess model (three points)

A
  • out of date. Based on City before mass car ownership
  • doesn’t take into account that ppl choose to work in rural-urban fringe
  • every city is different
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6
Q

Give 3 land uses in the CBD.

🏦🏬🏨

A
  • offices for financial firms and banks
  • specialist shops like jewlers
  • department stores
  • retail parks
  • high multi-story buildings
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7
Q

Give examples of land use for inner cities

A

-High density residential housing

E.g. Terraced housing and flats.

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8
Q

Give 3 examples of land use for suburbs.

A
  • industry e.g factories
  • detached housing with front and back gardens.
  • farms
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9
Q

Give examples 3 of land use for the rural/ urban fringe

A
  • farms for agriculture, livestock
  • factories
  • villages
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10
Q

What does the CBD look like?

A 
Tall buildings
Modern
Congested
Very busy during the day
Empty at night
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11
Q

What does the inner city look like?

A 
Can be deralict
Polluted
Visual pollution
Old Victorian style houses
Terraced houses
Concrete high rise flats
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12
Q

What do the suburbs look like?

A

Open spaces

New - clean

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13
Q

What does the rural urban fringe look like?

A

Open spaces
Natural - green
Little infrastructure
Clean

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14
Q

What is the population like in the CBD?

A
  • Commuters
  • Business owners
  • Tourists
  • The wealthy can afford houses in the centre
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15
Q

What is the population like in the Inner city?

A 
Densely populated
Immigrants 
Homeless
Students
Pensioners
Single parent families
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16
Q

What is the population like in the Suburbs?

A

Retired
Middle class
Professionals
Families

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17
Q

What is the quality of life in the CBD?

A 
expensive land value
Busy
Noisy
High stress
Modern
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18
Q

What is the quality of life in the inner city?

A

Crime
Poor
High stress
Traditional

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19
Q

What is the quality of life in the Suburbs?

A

Friendly
Safe
Healthy
Low stress

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20
Q

What is the quality of life in the Rural urban fringe?

A

Peaceful/lonely
Boring
Old fashioned
Low stress

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21
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

An increase in the percentage of people living in urban areas.

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22
Q

On a map how wold you find the inner city? And why does it look like this?

A

Look for:

  • grid iron street pattern = no space is wasted
  • terraced housing leading straight onto street = easy to get to work
  • old housing built in 19 and 20th century for factory workers
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23
Q

On a map how wold you find the suburbs? And why does it look like this?

A 
- larger open spaces 
=built for recreation (gardens, parks)
- detached and semi detached housing
= lower land value so bigger housing. 
- irregular roads
= built out from the city
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24
Q

On a map how wold you find the CBD? And why does it look like this?

A 
- irregular building sizes
= shops, banks, cultural activity, 
-few residential areas
= dense land use so high land value. 
- lots of roads 
=leading to as many places as possible
Using high density transport/ public transport.
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25
Q

Give 3 or more examples of urban issues in MEDCs

A
  • Pollution (of all kinds)
  • Derelict ion
  • Cultural conflict
  • Poverty
  • Congestion
  • Land prices
  • Crime
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26
Q

What is greenfield land?

A

Land that has not been built on before

27
Q

What is brownfield land?

A

Land that has been built on before

28
Q

What are the advantages of building on brownfield sites?

A
  • make use of wastelands
  • improves quality of area
  • already has infrastructure e.g. Water and electricity
  • roads already exist
  • near to facilities
  • gentrification
29
Q

What do you call land that hasn’t been built on?

A

Greenfield

30
Q

What do you call land that has already been built on?

A

Brownfield

31
Q

What are the disadvantages of building on brownfield sites?

A
  • expensive

- puts pressure on local schools/ work

32
Q

What are the advantages of building on greenfield sites?

A
  • More attractive
  • don’t need to clear the area
  • more space
  • not restrictions with surrounding roads an buildings.
33
Q

What are disadvantages of building on greenfield sites?

A
  • Country roads are congested
  • wildlife driven away
  • countryside becomes less peaceful
  • more services needed
34
Q

List 5 urban issues in MEDCs

A 
High land prices
Pollution 
Over population
Dereliction
Crime
Cultural conflict
Poverty
Congestion
35
Q

What 5 inner city issues? (In MEDCs)

A
  • Dereliction
  • Overcrowding
  • Unemployment = poverty = depression isolation and other health issues.
  • crime
  • Declining industry
  • Child safety issues
36
Q

What is gentrification

A

Process of housing improvement in a city led my inderviduals

37
Q

What are some positive results of gentrification?

A
  • Provide jobs
  • Increases quality of living
  • The ‘purchasing power’ increases in the area
  • businesses and services in the area increase = more jobs.
38
Q

What are some negative results of gentrification?

A
  • house prices shoot up
  • more properties are purchases for renovation = fewer houses on the market
  • friction between newcomers and locals.
39
Q

What is a squatter settlement?

A

An area of the city (usually outskirts) that is built by people out of any material available to them. On land that does not belong to them.

40
Q

List 5 urban issues in MEDCs

A 
High land prices
Pollution 
Over population
Dereliction
Crime
Cultural conflict
Poverty
Congestion
41
Q

What 5 inner city issues? (In MEDCs)

A
  • Dereliction
  • Overcrowding
  • Unemployment = poverty = depression isolation and other health issues.
  • crime
  • Declining industry
  • Child safety issues
42
Q

What is gentrification

A

Process of housing improvement in a city led my inderviduals

43
Q

What are some positive results of gentrification?

A
  • Provide jobs
  • Increases quality of living
  • The ‘purchasing power’ increases in the area
  • businesses and services in the area increase = more jobs.
44
Q

What are some negative results of gentrification?

A
  • house prices shoot up
  • more properties are purchases for renovation = fewer houses on the market
  • friction between newcomers and locals.
45
Q

What is a squatter settlement?

A

An area of the city (usually outskirts) that is built by people out of any material available to them. On land that does not belong to them.

46
Q

List 5 urban issues in MEDCs

A 
High land prices
Pollution 
Over population
Dereliction
Crime
Cultural conflict
Poverty
Congestion
47
Q

What 5 inner city issues? (In MEDCs)

A
  • Dereliction
  • Overcrowding
  • Unemployment = poverty = depression isolation and other health issues.
  • crime
  • Declining industry
  • Child safety issues
48
Q

What is gentrification

A

Process of housing improvement in a city led my inderviduals

49
Q

What are some positive results of gentrification?

A
  • Provide jobs
  • Increases quality of living
  • The ‘purchasing power’ increases in the area
  • businesses and services in the area increase = more jobs.
50
Q

What are some negative results of gentrification?

A
  • house prices shoot up
  • more properties are purchases for renovation = fewer houses on the market
  • friction between newcomers and locals.
51
Q

What is a squatter settlement?

A

An area of the city (usually outskirts) that is built by people out of any material available to them. On land that does not belong to them.

52
Q

List 5 urban issues in MEDCs

A 
High land prices
Pollution 
Over population
Dereliction
Crime
Cultural conflict
Poverty
Congestion
53
Q

What 5 inner city issues? (In MEDCs)

A
  • Dereliction
  • Overcrowding
  • Unemployment = poverty = depression isolation and other health issues.
  • crime
  • Declining industry
  • Child safety issues
54
Q

What is gentrification

A

Process of housing improvement in a city led my inderviduals

55
Q

What are some positive results of gentrification?

A
  • Provide jobs
  • Increases quality of living
  • The ‘purchasing power’ increases in the area
  • businesses and services in the area increase = more jobs.
56
Q

What are some negative results of gentrification?

A
  • house prices shoot up
  • more properties are purchases for renovation = fewer houses on the market
  • friction between newcomers and locals.
57
Q

What is a squatter settlement?

A

An area of the city (usually outskirts) that is built by people out of any material available to them. On land that does not belong to them.

58
Q

List 5 urban issues in MEDCs

A 
High land prices
Pollution 
Over population
Dereliction
Crime
Cultural conflict
Poverty
Congestion
59
Q

What 5 inner city issues? (In MEDCs)

A
  • Dereliction
  • Overcrowding
  • Unemployment = poverty = depression isolation and other health issues.
  • crime
  • Declining industry
  • Child safety issues
60
Q

What is gentrification

A

Process of housing improvement in a city led my inderviduals

61
Q

What are some positive results of gentrification?

A
  • Provide jobs
  • Increases quality of living
  • The ‘purchasing power’ increases in the area
  • businesses and services in the area increase = more jobs.
62
Q

What are some negative results of gentrification?

A
  • house prices shoot up
  • more properties are purchases for renovation = fewer houses on the market
  • friction between newcomers and locals.
63
Q

What is a squatter settlement?

A

An area of the city (usually outskirts) that is built by people out of any material available to them. On land that does not belong to them.

Geography (14 decks)

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