Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of URTI’s?
A
- Infectious process of the sinuses, nasal passages, pharynx and larynx
2
Q
What is rhinitis?
A
- Inflammation of the nasal cavity
3
Q
What is a sinus infection known as?
A
- Sinitus/rhinosinitus
4
Q
What is the common cold known as medically?
A
- Coryza
5
Q
What is pharyngitis?
A
- Inflammation of the pharynx/uvula/tonsils
6
Q
What pathogen causes acute epiglottitis?
A
Haemophilius influenzae
7
Q
What is croup?
A
- Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
8
Q
What is laryngitis?
A
- Inflammation of the larynx
- Tonsilitis falls here
9
Q
What are most URTI’s due to?
A
- Viruses
10
Q
What are the common symptoms of a URTI?
A
- Nasal congestion
- Runny nose
- Nasal breathing
- Sneezing
- Sore throat
- Painful swallowing
- Cough
- Malaise
- Fever in kids
Can also have
- Hallitosis
- Hyposmia (difficulty smelling)
- Headache
- Dyspnoea
- Sinus pain
- Conjuctivitis
- Nausea
11
Q
What are the signs on examination of a URTI?
A
- Swollen red wall of nasal cavity
- Tonsil enlargement
- Lymphadenopathy
- Redness of eyes
- Facial tenderness
12
Q
When should you NEVER use a tongue depressor?
A
- If it is epiglottitis
13
Q
What are the risk factors of a URTI?
A
- Close contact
- Hand washing
- Smoking (impairs mucosal resistance and destroys cilia)
- Immunocompromised individuals
- Anatomical abnormalities
14
Q
How do most URTI’s spread?
A
- Droplets
15
Q
What is the differential diagnosis for URTI?
A
- Asthma
- Pneumonia
- H1N1 swine flu
- Allergic reactions
- Chronic sinusitis
- HIV
- Bronchitis
