Sarcoidosis Flashcards
What is sarcoidosis?
Abnormal collection of inflammatory cells resulting in the formation of granulomas.
What type of disease is sarcoidosis an example of?
- Interstitial
What systems can sarcoidosis affect?
- Multi system disorder
What type of granulomas present in sarcoidosis?
- Epithelioid
- Giant cell
What is very rare in sarcoidosis that may allow differentiation between TB?
- Caseating necrosis BUT normal necrosis common
What are the most commonly effected systems in sarcoidosis?
- Lymph nodes
- Lung
- Spleen
- Liver
What are the symptoms of sarcoidosis?
- Can be none even with abnormal CxR
- Dyspnoea oE/rest
- Cough
- Chest pain
What are the 3 most common signs of sarcoidosis?
- Acute arthralgia
- Erythema nodosum
- Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
What other signs may be present with sarcoidosis?
- Heart failure
- Hypercalcaemia
- Lupus perneo
- Uvitis
What is the name of acute sarcoidosis?
- Lofgren’s syndrome
Who is most susceptible to sarcoidosis?
- Females
- Black people
- Younger
- Temperate climate
What are the causes of sarcoidosis?
- Idiopathic
- Believed to be autoimmune
What immune cells are suspected to be the cause of sarcoidosis?
- CD4 T helper
What can be seen on a CxR of sarcoidosis?
- Nodularity at the base of the lung and hilum
What other tests are done for sarcoidosis?
- Pulmonary function/spirometry
- Serum calcium
- Bronchoscopy or biopsy of granulomatous inflammation
- CT scan
- Blood/urinalysis/ECG
- LFTs
- Tuberculin test to rule out TB
