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DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology > Upper Limb Muscles > Flashcards

Upper Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

palmaris brevis

A

origin: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

insertion: dermis of skin on the medial margin of the hand

innervation: superficial branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: improves grip

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2
Q

trapezius

A

origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, medial margin of the ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of CVII to TXII and the related supraspinous ligaments

insertion: superior edge spine of the scapula, acromion, posterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle

innervation: accessory nerve (CN 11)

function: descending: powerful elevator of the scapula; rotates the scapula upward during abduction of humerus above horizontal; transverse fibers retract scapula; ascending fibers depress scapula

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3
Q

deltoid

A

origin: spine of the scapula, acromion, anterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle

insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

innervation: axillary nerve (CN5, CN6)

function: acromial fibers-major abductor of arm; clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm; scapular fibers assist in extending the arm

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4
Q

levator scapulae

A

origin: transverse processes of C1 and C2 vertbebrawe and posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3 and C4 vertebrae

insertion: medial border of scapula

innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (CN 5)

function: elevates the scapula

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5
Q

rhomboid minor

A

origin: lower end of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae

insertion: posterior surface of medial border of scapula at the root of the spine of the scapula

innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

function: elevates and retracts the scapula

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6
Q

rhomboids major

A

origin: spinous processes of T2 -T5 vertebrae

insertion: posterior surface of medial border of scapula from the root of the spine of the scapula to the inferior angle

innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

function: elevates and retracts the scapula

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7
Q

supraspinatus:

A

origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula

insertion: most superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus

innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

function: rotator cuff muscle, participates in abduction of the GH joint; stabilization of GH joint

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8
Q

Infraspinatus

A

origin: infraspinatus fossa of the scapula

insertion: middle facet on posterior surface of greater tubercle of humerus

innervation: suprascapular nerve (C 5, C 6)

function: rotator cuff muscle, lateral rotation of arm at GH joint; stabilization of GH joint

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9
Q

subscapularis

A

origin: subscapular fossa

insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

innervation: upper (C5, C6) and lower (C5, C6, C7) subscapular nerves

function: rotator cuff muscle; medial rotation of the arm at the GH joint, stabilization of GH joint

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10
Q

teres minor

A

origin: lateral border of scapula

insertion: inferior facet on posterior surface of greater tubercle of humerus

innervation: axillary nerve (C5, C6)

function: rotator cuff muscle, lateral rotation of the arm at the GH joint; stabilization of GH joint

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11
Q

teres major

A

origin: inferior angle of scapula

insertion: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

innervation: lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

function: medial rotation and extension of the arm at the GH joint

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12
Q

coracobrachialis

A

origin: Apex of coracoid process

insertion: linear roughening on mid-shaft of humerus on medial side

innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)

function: flexor of the arm at the GH joint

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13
Q

biceps brachii

A

origin: long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; short head: coracoid process

insertion: radial tuberosity

innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

function: powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint and supinator of the forearm; accessory flexor of the arm at the GH joint

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14
Q

brachialis

A

origin: anterior aspect of humerus

insertion: tuberosity of ulna

innervation musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)

function: powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint

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15
Q

triceps brachii

A

origin: long head-infraglenois tubercle of scapula; medial head-posterior surface of humerus; lateral head: posterior surface of humerus

insertion: olecranon

innervation: radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

function: extension of the forearm at the albow joint; long head extends and adducts the arm at the shoulder joint

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16
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A

origin: ulna and interosseous membrane

insertion: palmar side of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

innervation: lateral half- anterior interosseous nerve (C8); medial half-ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: flexes distal interphalangeal joints

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17
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

origin: radius and interosseous membrane

insertion: palmar side of distal phalynx of thumb

innervation: anterior interosseous nerve (C8)

function: flexes interphalangeal joints of the thumb

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18
Q

pronator quadratus

A

origin: distal anterior surface of ulna

insertion: distal anterior surface of radius

innervation: anterior interosseous nerve (C8)

function: pronation

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19
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

origin: humero-ulna head-medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process; radial head-oblique line of radius

insertion: palmar surfaces of the middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

innervation: median nerve (C8, T1)

function: flexes proximal interphalangeal joints

20
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: humeral head-medial epicondyle of humerus ; ulnar head-olecranon

insertion: pisiform bone

innervation: ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

function: flexes and adducts the wrist joint

21
Q

palmaris longus

A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion: palmar aponeurosis of hand

innervation: median nerve (C7, C8)

function: flexes wrist joint

22
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion: base of metacarpals 2-3

innervation: median nerve (C6, C7)

function: flexes and abducts the wrist

23
Q

pronator teres

A

origin: humeral head-medial epicondyle and adjacent supraepicondylar ridge; ulnar head-coronoid process

insertion: midshaft of radius

innervation: median nerve (C6, C7)

function: pronation

24
Q

supinator

A

origin: superficial layer-lateral epicondyle of humerus; deep layer-supinator crest of the ulna

insertion: radius superior to the anterior oblique line

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C6, C7)

function: supination

25
Q

abductor pollicis longus

A

origin: ulna, radius, interosseous membrane

insertion: lateral side of base of metacarpals 1

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb

26
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A

origin: radius, interosseous membrane

insertion: dorsal surface of base of proximal phalynx of the thumb

innervation: posterior interousseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: extends metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

27
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A

origin: ulna, interosseous membrane

insertion: dorsal surface of base of distal phalynx of thumb

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: extends interphalangeal joint of the thumb

28
Q

extensor indicis

A

origin: ulna, interosseous membrane

insertion: extensor hood of divit 2

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: extends digit 2

29
Q

brachioradialis

A

origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

insertion: lateral surface of distal end of radius

innervation: radial nerve (C5, C6)

function: flex elbow

30
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

insertion: base of metacarpal 2

innervation: radial nerve (C6, C7)

function: extends and abducts the wrist

31
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: base of matacarpals 2 and 3

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: extends and abducts the wrist

32
Q

extensor digitorum

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: extensor hoods of digits 2-5

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: extends digits 2-5

33
Q

extensor digiti minimi

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: extensor hood of the little finger (digit 5)

innervation: posterior interosseous nerver (C7, C8)

function: extends the little finger

34
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: metacarpal 5

innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)

function: extends and adducts the wrist

35
Q

anconeus

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: olecranon and proximal posterior surface of ulna

innervation: radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

function: stabilizes the ulna in pronation; extends elbow

36
Q

opponents digiti minimi

A

origin: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

insertion: medial aspect of metacarpal 5

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: laterally rotates metacarpal 5 (opposition)

37
Q

abductor digiti minimi

A

origin: pisiform, the pisohamate ligament, and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

insertion: proximal phalynx of little finger

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: abducts little finger at MCP joint

38
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

origin: hook of the hamate and flexor retinaculum

insertion: proximal phalynx of little finger

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: flexes little finger at MCP joint

39
Q

lumbricals (4 muscles)

A

origin: tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

insertion: extensor hoods of index, ring, middle, and little fingers

innervation: medial 2 by deep branch of the ulnar nerve; lateral 2 by digital branches of the median nerve

function: flex MCP joints while extending interphalangeal joints

40
Q

dorsal interossei (4 muscles)

A

origin: adjacent sides of metacarpals

insertion: extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of digits 2-4

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: abduction of index, middle, and ring fingers at the MCP joints

41
Q

palmar interossei (3 or 4 muscles)

A

origin: sides of metacarpals

insertion: extensor hoods (except middle finger)

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: adduction of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers at the MCP joints

42
Q

opponents pollicis

A

origin: tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum

insertion: lateral margin and adjacent palmar surface of metacarpal 1

innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1)

function: medially rotates thumb

43
Q

abductor pollicis brevis

A

origin: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum

insertion: proximal phalynx and extensor hood of thumb

innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1)

function: abducts thumb at MCP joint

44
Q

flexor pollicis brevis

A

origin: tubercle of the trapezium and flexor retinaculum

insertion: proximal phalanx of the thumb

innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve (C8, T1)

function: flexes thumb at MCP joint

45
Q

adductor pollicis

A

origin: transverse head-metacarpal 3; oblique head-capitate and bases of metacarpals 2-3

insertion: base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb

innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

function: adducts thumb

DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology (12 decks)

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