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DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology > Upper Limb Final Practical Structures > Flashcards

Upper Limb Final Practical Structures Flashcards

1
Q

greater tuberosity of the humerus

A

sitting

shake hands and find acromion

move hand inward

slide inferior and lateral about an inch

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2
Q

lesser tuberosity of the humerus

A

seated

find the greater tubercle and rotate the arm laterally shaking hands

the slender ditch should be felt then as you continue to laterally rotates, the lesser tuberosity should pop out

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3
Q

intertubercular groove of the humerus

A

seated

find the greater tubercle and rotate laterally to feel the ditch

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4
Q

deltoid tubercle

A

seated

locate the acromion and slide off and lateral

halfway between shoulder and elbow will be the small mound on the lateral side

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5
Q

shaft of the humerus

A

feel distal of acromion

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6
Q

teres major

A

origin: inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of the scapula

insertion: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

prone with arm off the table

grasp lats fibers near axilla

move fingers and thumb medially to feel the scapula lateral border; the fibers medial to the lats

follow the fibers toward axilla

resist shoulder extension

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7
Q

supraspinatus

A

origin: supraspinatus fossa of the scapula

insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

prone

locate the spine of the scap and slide into the supraspinous fossa

fibers run parallel to spine of scap

follow the belly laterally

abduct arm against resistance

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8
Q

infraspinatus

A

origin: infraspinous fossa

insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

prone with forearm off side of table

locate the spine of scap, medial border, lateral border and lay a finger along each landmark to make a triangle around it

palpate in the triangle and laterally

lift elbow up to the ceiling

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9
Q

teres minor

A

origin: upper 2/3 of lateral border of scap

insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

prone with arm off side of table

locate superior lateral border of scap

slide laterally off the border and compress

slide thumb up into axilla and grasp the belly

ask partner to swing hand up toward head

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10
Q

subscapularis

A

origin: subscap fossa of the scap

insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

in side lying, flex the shoulder and pull the arm as anteriorly as possible

hold arm with one hand and locate lateral border of scap with thumb

slide thumb under lats and curl thumb onto subscap fossa

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11
Q

pec minor

A

origin: 3rd, 4th, 5th ribs

insertion: medial surface of coracoid process of scap

supine

abduct arm and place finger pads at lateral edge of pec major

slide under pec major along ribs and fingers will eventually contact pec minor

depress scap

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12
Q

subclavius

A

origin: first rib and cartilage

insertion: inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

side lying

pull arm into flexed position and pull it anteriorly allowing thumb to curl under clavicle

grab clavicle and curl thumb into underside to palpate

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13
Q

biceps brachii

A

origin: short head from coracoid process, long head from supraglenoid tubercle

insertion: tuberosity of radius and aponeurosis of biceps brachii

supine or seated

flex elbow against resistance

on the anterior surface locate the hard round belly

follow the belly distally to the elbow

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14
Q

triceps brachii

A

origin: long head from infraglenoid, lateral head from posterior surface of proximal half of humerus, medial head from posterior surface of distal half of humerus

insertion: olecranon process of ulna

prone with arm off side of table

palpate posterior arm off of deltoids down to olecranon process

ask partner to extend arm back against your resistance

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15
Q

coracobrachialis

A

origin: coracoid process

insertion: medial surface of mid-humeral shaft

supine

laterally rotate and abduct shoulder to 45 degrees

put one hand on medial side of arm and move fingers into armpit

adduct against your resistance

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16
Q

deltoids

A

origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scap

insertion: deltoid tuberosity

seated

locate spine of scap, acromion, and lateral clavicle

locate deltoid tuberosity

palpate b/w these landmarks

resist abduction

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17
Q

subacromial bursa

A

seated

stand behind partner

find acromion and drop fingers off anterior edge

extend the shoulder by pulling the elbow posteriorly

palpate gently

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18
Q

brachial pulse

A

feel in medial arm between biceps and triceps

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19
Q

medial supracondylar ridge

A

seated, skake hands and locate the medial epicondyle

move proximally from medial epicondyle and the bony ridge which extends from the epicondyle is medial supracondylar ridge

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20
Q

lateral supracondylar ridge

A

seated, shake hands and locate the lateral epicondyle

move proximally and feel for bony ridge extending from the epicondyle

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21
Q

medial epicondyle

A

seated, shake hands and locate the olecranon process

slide medially off into a ditch and up onto the bony projection

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22
Q

lateral epicondyle

A

seated, shake hands and locate the olecranon process

slide laterally off into a ditch and up onto the bony projection

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23
Q

olecranon fossa

A

flex elbow and locate olecranon process

roll fingers proximally and press into the fossa (only a small crescent-shaped ditch will be accessible)

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24
Q

radial head

A

shake hands and locate the lateral epicondyle

slide distally into the small ditch b/w the humerus and radius

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25
Q

radial tuberosity

A
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26
Q

radial shaft

A

flex elbow 90 degrees and put forearm in neutral handshake position

locate the head of the radius and slide distally down the radius length near the wrist

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27
Q

radial styloid process

A

grasp the distal radius shaft b/w thumb and finger and slide distally to the age of the styloid process

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28
Q

listers tubercle

A

find the dorsal surface of the radial styloid process with your thumb

slide thumb slightly across the top toward ulna head to feel

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29
Q

ulnar olecranon process

A
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30
Q

ulnar head

A

slide fingers just distally off the ulnar shaft and just proximal to the wrist the shaft will bulge to become the head of the ulna

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31
Q

styloid process of the ulna

A

shake hands and passively adduct the wrist

use the thumb to locate posterior aspect

slide distally off the head

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32
Q

brachialis

A

origin: distal half of anterior surface of humerus

insertion: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

seated

shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees against your resistance and isolate the edges of the biceps belly

relaxing, slide lateral half an inch off the distal biceps

33
Q

brachioradialis

A

origin: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

insertion: styloid process of radius

shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees with forearm in neutral flex against resistance

bulges out of lateral elbow, but if not, slide distal off the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

pinch belly with fingers and feel as far down as possible

34
Q

anconeus

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: olecranon process and posterior proximal surface of ulna

locate olecranon process, proximal shaft of ulna, and lateral epicondyle

lay index finger along proximal ulna and tip of middle finger upon lateral epicondyle to form a v outline of the muscles

35
Q

supinator

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, and supinator crest of ulna

insertion: anterior, lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft

shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees

locate the lateral epicondyle and proximal shaft of radius and place fingerpads b/w the two and palpate deep to extensor fibers

ask to alternately supinate and relax against your resistance

36
Q

common flexor tendon

A

on medial epicondyle

37
Q

pronator teres

A

origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius

shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees and find the distal tendon of the biceps (can resist flexion to find this)

slide distally of the tendon and b/w brachioradialis and flexors, move thumb into this valley

follow line b/w medial epicondyle and middle radius

38
Q

palmaris longus

A

origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

flex elbow to 90 degrees and supinate

ask partner to flex wrist against your resistance

if present, it will be the most medial one to pop out

39
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna

insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal

shake hands, flex elbow to 90 degrees, and supinate

locate the distal tendon at the pisiform

slide proximally to slide off distal tendon and move up towards medial epicondyle while partner adducts wrist against your resistance

40
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, interosseous membrane, and proximal shaft of radius

insertion: sides of middle phalanges of 2-5 fingers

flex elbow and wrist to 90 degrees

slide just off ulnar shaft into flexors

squeeze tips of pinky and thumb together then relax to feel contraction

41
Q

pronator quadratus

A

origin: medial, anterior surface of distal ulna

insertion: lateral, anterior surface of distal radius

shake hands and find the radial styloid process

feel with thumb b/w radius and tendons

pronate ever so slightly to elicit small contraction

42
Q

common extensor tendon

A

origin: distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (longus) and common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus (brevis)

insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal (longus) and base of 3rd metacarpal (brevis)

43
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

A

origin: distal 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (longus) and common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus (brevis)

insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal (longus) and base of 3rd metacarpal (brevis)

shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees

slide laterally off the brachioradialis

ask partner to abduct and relax wrist against your resistance

follow fibers distally

44
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: base of 5th metacarpal

shake hands and flex elbow 90 degrees and find the shaft of the ulna to slide off laterally

ask partner to adduct wrist against your resistance

follow to the tendon distally past the ulna head

45
Q

extensor digitorum

A

origin: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus

insertion: bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2-5 fingers

shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees

extend wrist and fingers and follow distally

46
Q

radial collateral ligament

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus to annular ligament and lateral side of ulna

shake hands and locate the lateral epicondyle of humerus and head of radius, there will be a ditch b/w these structures

place finger in the ditch and roll over ligament

47
Q

ulnar collateral ligament

A

medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process of ulna and olecranon process

with elbow flexed find the medial epicondyle and olecranon process and place thumb b/w them

48
Q

radial pulse

A

on thumb side

49
Q

ulnar nerve

A

between olecranon process and medial epicondyle

50
Q

annular ligament

A

wraps around head and neck of radius

elbow flexed, put thumb pad on head of radius

passively pronate and supinate

51
Q

scaphoid

A

locate the radial styloid process and slide thumb distally into the ditch where the scaphoid will be

adduct-protrudes

abduct-disappear

52
Q

lunate

A

locate lister’s tubercle and base of 3rd metacarpal

at the proximal end by listers tubercle

flex wrist and the lunate will press into your finger

53
Q

triquetrum

A

palm facing away from you, locate the ulnar styloid process

slide distally into ditch and back up onto its surface

abduct=protrude

adduct=disappear

54
Q

pisiform

A

locate the flexor crease and slide slightly distal to feel thick tissue of palm for the nugget-like pisiform

55
Q

hamate

A

locate the pisiform and picture a line to the index finger and slide off pisiform following this line about half an inch

56
Q

capitate

A

locate lister’s tubercle and base of 3rd metacarpal

at the distal end near the base of the 3rd metacarpal

passively flex wrist for capitate to roll into your finger filling its own cavity

57
Q

trapezoid

A
58
Q

trapezium

A

on the dorsal radial side find the scaphoid and slide distally

59
Q

metacarpal head

A

distal portion of the metacarpals

60
Q

metacarpal base

A

proximal portion of the metacarpals

61
Q

metacarpal shaft

A

length of the metacarpals

62
Q

phalange base

A

proximal portion

63
Q

phalange shaft

A

length of phalange

64
Q

phalange head

A

distal portion

65
Q

abductor pollicis longus

A

origin: posterior surface of radius and ulna, and interosseous membrane

insertion: base of 1st metacarpal

66
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A

origin: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

insertion: base of distal phalynx of thumb

67
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A

origin: posterior surface of radius and interosseus membrane

insertion: base of proximal phalynx of thumb

68
Q

extensor indicis

A

origin: posterior surface of distal shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane

insertion: tendon of extensor digitorum at the level of the 2nd metacarpal

69
Q

adductor pollicis

A

origin: capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

insertion: base of proximal phalynx of thumb

70
Q

anatomical snuff box

A

extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicus longus tendons laterally

extensor pollicus longus tendon medially

extend thumb out and the tendons form a trough

71
Q

flexor retinaculum/transverse carpal ligament

A

put thumbpad on partner’s flexor crease of wrist and slide half an inch distally to feel the thick tissues of the heel of the hand

flex and extend the hand to feel

72
Q

thenar eminence

A

tissue on the thumb side palm

73
Q

hypothenar eminence

A

tissue on pinky side palm

74
Q

posterior joint line of the shoulder

A

slide off the posterior side of the acromion before the humerus

75
Q

anterior joint line of the shoulder

A

slide off the anterior side of the acromion b4 the humerus

76
Q

transverse humeral ligament

A

medial rotate the arm to get to the lesser tub and it’s the lig that connect greater and lesser

small palpation horizontally driven

77
Q

coracoclavicular ligament

A

seated

abduct and medially rotate the shoulder

find the coracoid process and shaft of clavicle and palpate b/w the 2

78
Q

AC ligament

A

DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology (12 decks)

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