Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology > Back Muscles > Flashcards

Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Extrinsic back muscles

A

innervated by the anterior rami

superficial group moves the upper limb

intermediate (respiratory) group moves ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Intrinsic (true) back muscles

A

innervated by posterior rami

move vertebral column and head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

superficial back muscles

A

immediately deep to superficial fascia

attach to upper appendicular skeleton

traps, lats, levator scap, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intermediate (respiratory) back muscles

A

2 thin muscular serrated sheets in superior and inferior back

pass obliquely form vertebral column to attach to ribs

serratus posterior superior
serratus posterior inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

spinotransversalis back muscles

A

spinous process to ligamentum nuchae upward and laterally

insert onto transverse processes of C1-3 and mastoid process of occipital bone

bilateral contraction=extend neck

unilateral contraction=rotate head to ipsilateral side

splenius capitus and splenius cervicis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

erector spinae back muscles

A

3 vertical columns
I Love Sex
-illiocostalis
-longissimus
-spinalis

primary extensors of the vertebral column and head

bilateral contraction=straighten back and pull back head from flexed position

unilateral=bend vertebral column or head laterally (laterally flex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

transversospinales back muscles

A

run obliquely upward and medially from transverse process to spinous process

fills the grooves between transverse and spinous processes

semispinalis-superficial
multifidus-intermediate
rotatores-deepest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

segmental back muscles

A

deep postural muscles

stabilize vertebrae during movement of vertebral column

levatores costarum-transverse process to rib below

interspinales-between spinous processes

intertransversarii-between transverse processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

suboccipital back muscles

A

base of occipital bone

move head

connect C1, C2, and occipital bone

innervated by posterior ramus of C1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

primary curvatures

A

thoracic and sacral

anteriorly concave

like embryo

kyphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

secondary curvature

A

cervical and lumbar

concave posteriorly

lordosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

curvatures of the spinal column

A

Thoracic kyphosis

Lumbar lordosis

Center of gravity is a vertical line allowing body’s weight to be balanced on vertebral column in a way that expends minimal muscle energy for bipedalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ligamentum nuchae

A

ligamen anchored between the bifid spinous process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where do the vertebral arteries run through?

A

transverse foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

uncovertebral joint

A

uncinate process articulating with the bodies of the cervical vertebra above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

uncinate process

A

crests on superolateral part of the body

facilitates flexion and extension

limits lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

atlanto-occipital joint

A

nods head up and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

atlanto-axial joint

A

rotates the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

transverse ligament of the atlas

A

holds dens in position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

alar ligaments

A

connect dens to occipital condyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

dens

A

superior projection of the axis (C2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

demifacets

A

on each side of the body

articulate with head of its own rib and head of rib below

superior-articulates with own rib
inferior-articulates with rib below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Zygapophysial joint

A

between superior and inferior articular processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the slope of the cervical vertebrae help with?

A

flexion and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does the vertical angle of the thoracic vertebrae help with? what does it limit?

A

facilitates rotation; limits flexion and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what does the curved and interlocked lumbar vertebrae do?

A

limits ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

anterior longitudinal ligament

A

base of skull to sacrum

attached to anterior part of bodies and intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

posterior longitudinal ligament

A

attached to posterior part of bodies and intervertebral discs

lines anterior surface of vertebral canal

tectorial membrane-connects C2 to base of the skull

29
Q

ligamenta flava

A

between laminae of adjacent vertebrae

elastic tissue

posterior surface of vertebral canal

runs between posterior surface of lamina below to anterior surface of lamina above

resists separation of laminae during flexion

assists extension back to anatomical position

30
Q

supraspinous ligament

A

connects tips of spinous processes from C7-sacrum

31
Q

ligamentum nuchae

A

continuation of supraspinous ligement

suports head

resists flexion

facilitates extension back to anatomical position

attachment of traps and splenius capitis

32
Q

interspinous ligaments

A

pass between adjacent spinous processes

blend with supraspinous posteriorly and ligamentum flavum anteriorly

33
Q

conus medullaris

A

distal end of the spinal cord

34
Q

filum terminale

A

continues inferiorly from conus medullaris

longitudinal support to spinal cord

attached to coccyx

35
Q

segmental arteries

A

enter through intervertebral foramina

arise from vertebral and deep cervical arteries in neck, post. Intercostal arteries in thorax, lumbar arteries in abdomen

give rise to anterior and posterior radicular arteries

largest is arteria radicularis magna (artery of Adamkiewicz)

36
Q

longitudinal arteries

A

anterior spinal artery: originates from vertebral artery in cranial cavity

posterior spinal artery: originates from vertebral arteries or posterior inferior cerebellar artery in cranial cavity.

37
Q

spinal cord veins

A

form longitudinal channels

2 pairs on each side

drain into internal vertebral plexus

38
Q

trapezius

A

origin: occiput

insertion: lateral 3rd of clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula

innervation: motor-accessory

function: upper fibers elevate, middle fibers adduct, and lower fibers depress scapula

39
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

origin: spinous processes of T7 to L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, ribs 10 to 12 via thoracolumbar fascia

insertion: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

innervation: thoracodorsal nerve (C6 to C8)

function: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

40
Q

levator scapulae

A

origin: transverse processes of C1 to C4

insertion: upper portion medial border of scapula

innervation: C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

function: elevates scapula

41
Q

rhomboid major

A

origin: spinous processes of T2 to T5

insertion: medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle

innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

function: retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

42
Q

rhomboid minor

A

origin: lower portion of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 and T1

insertion: medial border of scapula at spine of scapula

innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

function: retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

43
Q

serratus posterior superior

A

origin: lower portion of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 to T3, and supraspinous ligaments

insertion: upper border of ribs II to V just lateral to their angles

innervation: anterior rami of upper thoracic nerves (T2 to T5)

function: elevates ribs 2 to 5

44
Q

serratus posterior inferior

A

origin: spinous processes of T11 to L3 and supraspinous ligaments

insertion: lower border of ribs IX to XII just lateral to their angles

innervation: anterior rami of lower thoracic nerves (T9 to T12)

function:depresses ribs IX to XII and may prevent lower ribs from being elevated when the diaphragm contracts

45
Q

splenius capitis

A

origin: lower half of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 to T4

insertion: mastoid process, skull below lateral one third of superior nuchal line

innervation: posterior rami

function: together—draw head backward, extending neck; individually—draw and rotate head to one side (turn face to same side)

46
Q

splenius cervicis

A

origin: spinous processes of T3 to T6

insertion: transverse processes of C1 to C3

innervation: posterior rami

function: together—extend neck; individually—draw and rotate head to one side (turn face to same side)

47
Q

illiocostalis lumborum

A

origin: sacrum, spinous processes of lumbar and lower two thoracic vertebrae and their supraspinous ligaments, and the iliac crest

insertion: angles of the lower six or seven ribs

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex trunk

48
Q

illiocostalis thoracis

A

origin: angles of the lower six ribs

insertion: angles of the upper six ribs and the transverse process of C7

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex trunk

49
Q

illiocostalis cervicis

A

origin: angles of ribs III to VI

insertion: transverse processes of C4 to C6

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex neck

50
Q

longissimus thoracis

A

origin: blends with iliocostalis in lumbar region and is attached to transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

insertion: transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae and just lateral to the tubercles of the lower nine or ten ribs

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex trunk

51
Q

longissimus cervicis

A

origin: transverse processes of upper four or five thoracic vertebrae

insertion: transverse processes of C2 to C6

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex neck

52
Q

longissimus capitis

A

origin: transverse processes of upper four or five thoracic vertebrae and articular processes of lower three or four cervical vertebrae

insertion: posterior margin of the mastoid process

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend, rotate, and laterally flex head

53
Q

spinalis thoracis

A

origin: spinous processes of T10 or T11 to L2

insertion: spinous processes of TI to TVIII (varies)

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex trunk

54
Q

spinalis cervicis

A

origin: lower part of ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of CVII (sometimes T1 to T2)

insertion: spinous process of C2 (axis)

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and laterally flex neck

55
Q

semispinalis thoracis

A

origin: transverse processes of T6 to T10

insertion: spinous processes of upper four thoracic and lower two cervical vertebrae

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and rotate trunk

56
Q

semispinalis cervicis

A

origin: transverse processes of upper five or six thoracic vertebrae

insertion: spinous processes of C2 (axis) to C5

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and rotate neck

57
Q

semispinalis capitis

A

origin: transverse processes of T1 to T6 (or T7) and C7 and articular processes of C4 to C6

insertion: medial area between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and rotate head

58
Q

multifidus

A

origin: sacrum

insertion: base of spinous processes of all vertebrae from L5 to C2 (axis)

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend neck and trunk; stabilize vertebral column

59
Q

rotatores lumborum

A

origin: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

insertion: spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and rotate trunk; stabilize vertebral column

60
Q

rotatores thoracis

A

origin: transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

insertion: spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and rotate trunk; stabilize vertebral column

61
Q

rotatores cervicis

A

origin: articular processes of cervical vertebrae

insertion: spinous processes of cervical vertebrae

innervation: posterior rami

function: extend and rotate trunk; stabilize vertebral column

62
Q

levatores costarum

A

origin: short paired muscles arising from transverse processes of C7 to T11

insertion: the rib below vertebra of origin near tubercle

innervation: posterior rami

function: contraction elevates rib

63
Q

interspinales

A

origin: short paired muscles attached to the spinous processes of contiguous vertebrae, one on each side of the interspinous ligament

insertion: spinous process

innervation: posterior rami

function: postural muscles that stabilize adjoining vertebrae during movements of vertebral column

64
Q

intertransversarii

A

origin: small muscles between the transverse processes of contiguous vertebrae

insertion: transverse process

innervation: posterior rmai

function: postural muscles that stabilize adjoining vertebrae during movements of vertebral column

65
Q

rectus capitis posterior major

A

origin: spinous process of axis (C2)

insertion: lateral portion of occipital bone below inferior nuchal line

innervation: posterior ramus of C1

function: extension of head; rotation of face to same side as muscle

66
Q

rectus capitis posterior minor

A

origin: posterior tubercle of atlas (C1)

insertion: medial portion of occipital bone below inferior nuchal line

innervation: posterior ramus of C1

function: extension of head

67
Q

obliquus capitis superior

A

origin: transverse process of atlas (C1)

insertion: occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

innervation: posterior ramus of C1

function: extension of head and bends it to same side

68
Q

obliquus capitis inferior

A

origin: spinous process of axis (C2)

insertion: transverse process of atlas (C1)

innervation: posterior ramus of C1

function: rotation of face to same side

DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions