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Exam 3- Anatomy > Upper Limb II: The Arm and Forearm > Flashcards

Upper Limb II: The Arm and Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

which bone of the forearm is medial?

A

ulna

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2
Q

which bone of the forearm is lateral?

A

radius

thumb side

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3
Q

humeral region of upper extremity

A

brachium

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4
Q

what are the three joints of the elbow?

A

humeroradial
humeroulnar
proximal radial

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5
Q

name the nerves moving down the ANTERIOR side of the arm and forearm

A

supraclavicular nerve
T2 intercostobrachial nerve
medial brachial cutaneous nerve
lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

some axillary nerve on deltoid

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6
Q

name the nerves moving down the POSTERIOR side of arm and forearm

A

T2 intercostobrachial nerve
superior lateral cutaneous nerve (via axillary)
posterior cutaneous nerve of arm
posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm

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7
Q

what nerves are from radial nerve

A

posterior ante brachial cutaneous

posterior brachial cutaneous

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8
Q

major veins of the arm and forearm

A

cephalic vein
basilic vein
medial cubital vein (cubital fossa)

these are on anterior side

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9
Q

fascia that surrounds the arm

A

brachial fascia

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10
Q

fascia surrounding the forearm

A

ante brachial fascia

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11
Q

arterial supply of arm

A

axillary artery branches to brachial

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12
Q

significant tributaries of brachial artery

A

profunda brachii (deep brachial)
superior ulnar collateral
inferior ulnar collateral

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13
Q

branches of the profunda brachii

A

posterior descending branch (middle collateral)

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14
Q

muscles of the flexor compartment

A

biceps barachii
brachiallis
coracobrachialis

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15
Q

what nerve innervates the flexors

A

musculocutaneous

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16
Q

what lies beneath the short head of the biceps

A

coracobrachialis

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17
Q

are the flexors anterior or posterior?

A

anterior

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18
Q

proximal attachment of long head of biceps brachii

A

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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19
Q

proximal attachment of short head of biceps brachia

A

coracoid process of scapula

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20
Q

distal attachment of biceps brachii

A

radial tuberosity and fascia of forearm

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21
Q

what allows the biceps to attach distally?

A

bicipital aponeurosis

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22
Q

blood supply of biceps brachii

A

brachial artery

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23
Q

innervation of biceps brachii

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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24
Q

proximal attachment of coracobrachialis

A

coracoid process of scapula

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25
Q

distal attachment of coracobrachialis

A

middle 1/3 of medial humeral surface

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26
Q

actions of coracobrachialis

A

flexes and adducts arm at shoulder joint

resists dislocation of shoulder joint

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27
Q

blood supply of coracobrachialis

A

brachial artery

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28
Q

innervation of coracobrachialis

A

musculocutaneous

may have radial nerve contributions

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29
Q

what muscles compose the extensors of the arm?

A

triceps brachii

anconeus

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30
Q

are extensors anterior or posterior?

A

posterior

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31
Q

3 parts of the triceps

A

long head
lateral head
medial head

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32
Q

what nerve innervates the extensors?

A

radial nerve

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33
Q

proximal attachment of anconeus

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

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34
Q

distal attachment of anconeus

A

lateral surface of olecranon

superior part of surface of ulna

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35
Q

blood supply of anconeus

A

deep brachial artery

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36
Q

innervation of anconeus

A

radial nerve

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37
Q

proximal attachment of long head of triceps bracii

A

infraglenoid tubercle

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38
Q

proximal attachment of lateral head of triceps bracii

A

posterior surface of humerus

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39
Q

proximal attachment of medial head of triceps bracii

A

posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove (spiral groove)

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40
Q

distal attachment of triceps bracii

A

proximal olecranon and fascia of forearm

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41
Q

actions of triceps bracii

A

extends forearm at elbow joint

resists dislocation of shoulder joint (long head)

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42
Q

blood of triceps bracii

A

deep brachial artery

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43
Q

innervation of triceps bracii

A

radial nerve

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44
Q

the activity at the elbow joint involves working (with/against) strong flexing

A

against

triceps are constantly acting as antagonists to forearm flexors

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45
Q

what is the cubital fossa?

A

junction between the arm and forearm

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46
Q

superior boundary of cubital fossa

A

imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyles of humerus

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47
Q

lateral boundary of cubital fossa

A

brachioradialis

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48
Q

medial boundary of cubital fossa

A

pronator teres

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49
Q

roof boundary of cubital fossa

A

skin, superficial and deep fascia. bicipital aponeurosis

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50
Q

floor of cubital fossa

A

supinator and brachialis

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51
Q

name the contents of the cubital fossa

A
  1. median nerve
  2. bifurcation of radial and ulnar arteries
  3. brachial veins (venae comitantes)
  4. tendon of biceps brachia and bicipital aponeurosis
  5. radial nerve (deep and superficial)
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52
Q

what lies posterior to the cubital region?

A

elbow region

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53
Q

what does the elbow region consist of?

A

triceps and olecranon process

anconeus

ulnar nerve runs posterior to medial epicondyle of humerus

posterior ulnar recurrent artery

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54
Q

proximal attachment of pronator teres

A

coronoid process of ulna

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55
Q

distal attachment of pronator teres

A

middle of lateral surface of radius

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56
Q

actions of pronator teres

A

pronates and flexes forearm at elbow

57
Q

innervation of pronator teres

A

median nerve

58
Q

proximal attachment of flexor carpi radialis

A

medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin)

59
Q

distal attachment of flexor carpi radialis

A

base of second metacarpal

60
Q

actions of flexor carpi radialis

A

flexes and abducts hand at wrist

61
Q

innervation of flexor carpi radialis

A

median nerve

62
Q

proximal attachment of palmaris longus

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

63
Q

distal attachment of palmaris longus

A

flexor retinaculum

continuous with palmar aponeurosis

64
Q

actions of palmaris longus

A

flexes hand at wrist, tenses palmar aponeurosis

65
Q

innervation of palmaris longus

A

median nerve

66
Q

proximal attachment of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

67
Q

distal attachment of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

68
Q

which muscle of the forearm can be absent?

A

palmaris longus

69
Q

actions of of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexes and adducts hand at wrist

70
Q

innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve

71
Q

superficial layer of anterior forearm is composed of these muscles

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi lunaris
palmaris longus

72
Q

intermediate layer of forearm is composed of these muscles

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

73
Q

proximal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

superior anterior border of radius

74
Q

distal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

75
Q

actions of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint

flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints

76
Q

innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median nerve

77
Q

deep layer of anterior forearm is composed of these muscles

A

flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus

78
Q

proximal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus

A

proximal medial and anterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

79
Q

distal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus

A

bases of distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers

80
Q

actions of flexor digitorum profundus

A

flexes distal phalanges at interphalangeal joints

power grip

81
Q

innervation of flexor digitorum profundus

A

median (anterior interosseous nerve) and ulnar nerve

82
Q

proximal attachment of flexor pollicis longus

A

anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

83
Q

distal attachment of flexor pollicis longus

A

base of distal phalanx of thumb

84
Q

actions of flexor pollicis longus

A

flexes thumb

85
Q

innervation of flexor pollicis longus

A

median nerve via anterior interosseous nerve

86
Q

proximal attachment of pronator quadratus

A

distal 1/4 of anterior surface os ulna

87
Q

distal attachment of pronator quadrates

A

distal anterior surface of radius

88
Q

actions of pronator quadratus

A

pronates forearm, deep fibers bind radius and ulna

89
Q

innervation of pronator quadratus

A

median =nerve via anterior interosseous nevre

90
Q

innervation of poster forearm

A

radial nerve

superficial and deep branches of radial nerve

91
Q

muscles of the superficial extensors group

A 
brachioradialis 
extensor carpi radialis longus 
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi lunaris
92
Q

proximal attachment of brachioradialis

A

proximal supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

93
Q

distal attachment of brachioradialis

A

distal radius

proximal to styloid process

94
Q

actions of brachioradialis

A

flexes forearm why it is pronated

95
Q

innervation of brachioradialis

A

radial nerve

96
Q

proximal attachment of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

lateral supracondular ridge of humerus

about same as brachioradialis

97
Q

distal attachment of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

98
Q

actions of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extends and abducts hand at wrist

99
Q

innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

radial nerve

100
Q

proximal attachment of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

101
Q

distal attachment of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

dorsal aspect base of 3rd metacarpal

102
Q

innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

deep branch of radial nerve

103
Q

proximal attachment of extensor digitorum

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

104
Q

distal attachment of extensor digitorum

A

extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers

105
Q

actions of extensor digitorum

A

extends medial 4 fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints and somewhat at interphalangela joints

106
Q

innervation of extensor digitorum

A

posterior interosseous nerve

107
Q

proximal attachment of extensor digiti minimi

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

108
Q

distal attachment of extensor digiti minimi

A

extensor expansion of 5th finger

109
Q

actions of extensor digiti minimi

A

extends 5th finger at metacarpophalangeal joint and secondarily at interphalangeal joints

110
Q

innervation of extensor digiti minimi

A

posterior interosseous

111
Q

proximal attachment of extensor carpi lunaris

A

lateral epicondyle and posterior border of ulna

112
Q

distal attachment of extensor carpi lunaris

A

dorsal aspect of base for 5th metacarpal

113
Q

innervation of extensor carpi lunaris

A

posterior interosseous nerve

114
Q

actions of extensor carpi lunaris

A

extends and adducts hand at wrist

115
Q

deep extensors

A 
supinator
extensor indicis 
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
116
Q

proximal attachment of supinator

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

radial collateral and angular ligaments

ulnar crest

117
Q

distal attachment of supinator

A

proximal radius (nearly all surfaces)

118
Q

actions of supinator

A

supinates forearm

bringing radius back to anatomical position

119
Q

innervation of of supinator

A

deep branch of radial nerve

120
Q

proximal attachment of extensor indicis

A

posterior surface of distal ulna and interosseous membrane

121
Q

distal attachment of extensor indicis

A

extensor expansion of 2nd finger

122
Q

actions of extensor indicis

A

independent extension of 2nd finger

helps with extension of wrist

123
Q

innervation of extensor indicis

A

posterior interosseous nerve

124
Q

proximal attachment of abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior surface of proximal ulna and radius, interosseous membrane

125
Q

distal attachment of abductor pollicis longus

A

base of 1st metacarpal

126
Q

innervation of abductor pollicis longus

A

posterior interosseous nerve

127
Q

actions of abductor pollicis longus

A

abducts thumb and extends at carpometacarpal joint

128
Q

proximal attachment of extensor policies brevis

A

posterior surface of distal radius

interosseous membrane

129
Q

distal attachment of extensor policies brevis

A

dorsal aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb

130
Q

actions of extensor policies brevis

A

extends proximal phalanx of thumb at its metacarpophalangeal joint

extends carpometacarpal joint

131
Q

innervation of extensor policies brevis

A

posterior interosseous nerve

132
Q

proximal attachment of extensor policies longus

A

posterior surface of the middle ulna

interosseous membrane

133
Q

distal attachment of extensor policies longus

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb

134
Q

actions of extensor policies longus

A

extends distal phalanx of thumb

extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joint

135
Q

innervation of extensor policies longus

A

posterior interosseous nerve

136
Q

what muscles compose the anatomical snuff box?

A

extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus

137
Q

what causes a radial nerve injury

A

fracture to humerus saft

causes wrist drop

138
Q

wrist drop

A

radial nerve injury

paralysis of the extensors of the wrist and fingers resulting in inability to extend

flexors bak over and wrist assumes a partial flexed positions

Exam 3- Anatomy (13 decks)

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