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Exam 3- Anatomy > Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

superior boundary of the gluteal region

A

iliac crest

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2
Q

inferior boundary of gluteal region

A

groove beneath gluteal fold

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3
Q

what exits from the greater sciatic foramen? (7)

A 
gluteal neurovascular bundles
piriformis m.
sciatic nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous n. 
pudendal n. 
internal pudendal n. 
obturator interns/sperior gemellus nerve
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4
Q

enters in lesser sciatic foramen (4)

A

pudendal n.
internal pudendal artery
obturator internus
superior gemellus nerve

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5
Q

exits lesser sciatic foramen

A

obturator internus

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6
Q

two main ligaments of the gluteal region

A

sacrospinous ligament

sacrotuberous ligament

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7
Q

superior and middle cluneal nerves

A

via lateral branches of dorsal rami

supply superior 2/3 (sacrum and adjacent area)

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8
Q

inferior cluneal nerves

A

gluteal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

supply inferior 1/3

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9
Q

superior gluteal nerve

A

leaves pelvis superior to piriformis with superior gluteal artery

runs between gluteus medius and gluteus minimus

supplies gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, sensor fasciae latae

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10
Q

inferior gluteal nerve

A

supplies gluteus maximus

leaves pelvis inferior to piriformis (with inferior gluteal artery)

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11
Q

what is the largest nerve in the body?

A

sciatic

L4-S3 ventral rami

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12
Q

where does the sciatic nerve leave the pelvis? How?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

inferior to piriformis

runs inferiorly deep to gluteus maximus

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13
Q

where does the sciatic nerve divide?

A

halfway down the thigh into tibial and common fibular nerves

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14
Q

true or false

sciatic nerve doesn’t supply ANY gluteal structures

A

true

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15
Q

posterior hip dislocation

A

causes damage to sciatic nerve

may result in paralysis of hamstrings and muscles distal to knee

sensory change may occur in skin

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16
Q

posterior femoral cutaneous

A

S1- S3

supplies skin of the region

more than any other cutaneous nerve

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17
Q

ventral rami of quadratus femurs/inferior gemellus nerve

A

L4-S1

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18
Q

ventral rami of obturator internus/superior gemellus nerve

A

L5-S2

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19
Q

obturator internus/superior gemellus leaves and reenters where?

A

leaves pelvis via greater sciatic foramen

reenters via lesser sciatic foramen

20
Q

pudendal nerve

A

anterior division of S2-S4

most medial structure exiting greater sciatic

renters via lesser sciatic foramen to supply perineal structures

21
Q

arteries of the gluteal region (3)

A

arise from internal iliac

superior gluteal artery
inferior gluteal artery
internal pudendal artery

22
Q

superior gluteal artery

A

largest internal iliac artery branch

superficial branch: gluteus maximus

deep branch: gluteus medium, minimum, tensor fascia lata

23
Q

inferior gluteal artery supplies

A

gluteus maximus
small lateral rotators
superior hamstrings

24
Q

cruciate anastomosis

A

transverse branch of medial circumflex femoral
terminal part of lateral circumflex femoral artery
first perforating artery
inferior gluteal

allows blood to enter knee, leg if femoral artery is occluded or severed (war)

25
Q

internal pudendal artery

A

reenters pelvis via lesser with pudendal nerve

supplies perineal muscles and external genitalia

doesn’t supply gluteal structures

26
Q

where should intragluteal injections be made?

A

supero-ateral part of gluteal region

avoids sciatic nerve and other gluteal nerves and vessels

27
Q

gluteus maximus

A

largest gluteal muscle

chief extensor of the thigh and lateral rotation

slight extension of leg when working with tensor fascia late

inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)

28
Q

gluteus medius and minimus

A

partially covered by gluteus maximus

medius is over minimus

thigh abduction and medial rotation

superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)

29
Q

tensor fascia lata is enclosed by

A

fascia lata

30
Q

tensor fascia lata innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

31
Q

function of tensor fascia lata

A

abducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh

slight extension of knee along with gluteus maximus (30 degrees)

32
Q

distinct feature of fascia lata

A

Iliotibial Tract

33
Q

Iliotibial Tract (IT Band) runs from

A

iliac tubercle to gerry’s tubercle on lateral tibial condyle

34
Q

function of IT band

A

assists in decelerating adduction of thigh

laterally stabilizes knee

extends leg (compensates for quadriceps paralysis via gluteus max flexion)

pulls patella laterally, antagonist of vastus medals, and synergist with flexing vastus lateralis

stretch to treat chondromalacia patella

stores energy to bring leg forward

35
Q

superior gluteal nerve injury causes what conditions

A

gluteal gait/limp
positive trendelenburg’s sign

pt loses steadying action of gluteus medius and minimus

36
Q

gluteal placement the bipedal gait

A

chimps don’t have a curve to the spine

to walk upright, they bend knees more

when they step, don’t have muscles to stabilize pelvis so they lean to opposite side (moving center of mass side to side)

37
Q

piriformis

A

lies deep to gluteus maximus

medial to gluteus medius

demarcates gluteal blood vessels and nerves

38
Q

attachments of the gluteus muscle

A

posterior gluteal line to the femur

39
Q

duchenne’s limp

A

seen also in apes

occurs when the pelvis is elevated during walk, results in waddling

lacking of muscles to stabilize pelvis, so leaning to opposite side

40
Q

tensor fascia lata location

A

found on the anterior right from the side of the thigh running town to the knee

41
Q

obturator internus

A

inserts on the bottom of hip and attaches to superior femur

aids in rotation of hip

42
Q

triceps coxae is composed of

A

superior and inferior gemelli and obturator internus

43
Q

attachments of gemelli

A

head of the femur to the base of the hip

44
Q

obturator externes

A

deep to pectinous

attaches to trochanter fossa and margins of obturator foramen

innervated by obturators nerve

45
Q

most inferior of hip rotator muscles

A

quadrates femoris

46
Q

function of glutei

A

medial rotation of hip advances opposite side of pelvis and free limb (walking)

lateral rotation of hip advancing limp keeps the foot parallel to line of advancement

47
Q

bursa of the gluteal region

A

ischial bursa
trochanteric bursa
gluetofemoral bursa

Exam 3- Anatomy (13 decks)

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