Posterior Thigh Muscles Flashcards
Muscles that make up the posterior thigh
semitendinosus
semimebranosus
biceps femoris
all compose the hamstring
semitendinosus
function innervation
begins 2/3 of way down thigh
extends thigh, medially rotates and flexes leg
tibial division of sciatic nerve
General function of all the hamstring muscles
thigh extensions (except short head of biceps femoris) flexes above the knee
leg extension
general innervation of all hamstring muscles
tibial decision of sciatic (except biceps femoris)
semitendinosus attachements
ischial tuberosity and medial surface of superior aspect of tibia
semimembranosus
function innervation
extends thigh, flexes leg
tibial division of sciatic nerve
hamstring attachments (common origin)
ischial tuberosity
two parts of semimembranosus
based on insertion on the distal tendon
divides into parts that go to the medial tibial condyle and part that blends with popliteal fascia to become the oblique popliteal ligament
oblique popliteal ligament
reinforces the intercondyler part of joint capsule of knee
biceps femoris long head
function and innervation
flexes leg, extends thigh
tibial division of sciatic nerve
biceps femoris is different from rest of hamstrings because
has two parts with two different innervations
biceps femoris short head
function and innervation
flexes leg
common fibular branch of sciatic nerve
adductor magnus (hamstring portion) function and innervation
extends thigh, tibial division of sciatic nerve
medial and superior to most other hamstring and thigh muscles
diamond shaped region posterior to knee
popliteal fossa
list 4 boundaries of political fossa
- superomedially
- superolaterally
- inferolaterally
- inferomedially
contents of political fossa
nerves
popliteal vein, lymph nodes and branches
popliteal artery and branches
superomedial boundary of popliteal fossa
semitendinosus and semimebranosus
superolateral boundary of popliteal fossa
biceps femoris
inferolateral boundary of popliteal fossa
lateral head of gastrocnemius
inferomedial boundary of popliteal fossa
medial head of gastrocnemius
where does popliteal artery arise?
from femoral artery after passage through adductor hiatus
attachments of biceps femoris
long head (ischial tuberosity) short head (distal lateral lip of linea aspera)
common insertion on head of fibula
attachment of adductor magnus (hamstring portion)
origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: medial epicondyle of femur
deepest structure of popliteal fossa
popliteal artery
anastomoses of popliteal artery is via
genicular branches that run close to knee joint capsule
Arteries that compose the genicular anastomosis
superior lateral genicular artery
inferior lateral genicular artery
superior medial genicular artery
inferior medial genicular artery
what joins the genicular branches
descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery
joins it when coming from top of hip
provides alternative blood route to leg should femoral artery become occluded
what do the genicular branches supply
capsule and ligaments of knee joints
why would blood bypass popliteal artery?
knee is fully flexed too long
narrowed or occluded popliteal vessels
termination of popliteal artery
divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries
what is the popliteal vein formed by
union of anterior and posterior tibial veins near inferior border of popliteus muscle
where is the termination of small saphenous vein
politeal vein
relationship of the location of popliteal vein and political artery
the popliteal vein lies superficial to and in same fibrous sheath as artery
where does the popliteal vein become femoral vein?
after traversing adductor hiatus
nerves that compose the popliteal fossa
tibial and common fibular nerve
the popliteal fossa is where the sciatic nerve ends
tibial nerve
most superficial
superficial to deep posterior leg muscles
knee joint
common fibular nerve (peroneal nerve)
leaves popliteal fossa by passing superficial to lateral head of gastrocnemius
winds around head and neck of fibula (injury)
what does the common fibular (peroneal) nerve terminate into?
deep fibular
superficial fibular nerve
sural nerve
innervates the skin of the region
runs with saphenous
