Upper Limb Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

What are some of the symptoms of arthritis

A
Pain
Swelling 
Stiffness 
Deformity 
Loss of function
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2
Q

What are some of the causes of arthritis

A

Degenerate (OA)
Inflammatory (RA, psoriasis, gout)
Post-traumatic
Septic

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3
Q

What are the basic treatment principles of Arthritis

A
Nothing 
Rest / analgesia/ splintage 
Steroid injections 
Replace
Fuse 
Excise
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4
Q

What joint is arthritis more common in? Acromioclavicular or sternoclavicular

A

Acromioclavicular

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5
Q

What might glenohumeral joint arthritis be due to

A

Cuff tear
Instbaility
Previous surgery
Idipathic

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6
Q

What does glenohumeral joint OA present with

A

Pain
Crepitus (grinding)
Loss of mvovement (esp. external rotation)

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7
Q

What are soe of the complications of a shoulder replacement

A
Infection 
Instability 
Stiffness - too much scar tissue 
Nerve damage
Loosening
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8
Q

What is the function of the rotator cuff

A

To stabilise the humeral head

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9
Q

What happens if the rotator cuff is torn

A

The deltoid pulls the head upwards

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10
Q

What might be an indication of a cuff tear on XRay

A

A step up along the scapula as it runs laterally

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11
Q

What does a reverse geometry shoulder replacement do?

A

It increases the lever arm of the deltoid lengthens the deltoid
prevents upward migration
Moves the centre of rotation medially

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12
Q

When might a fusion be useful

A

When pain is unbearable and patient is not bothered about the movement

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13
Q

What types of arthritis can the ebow be affected by

A

RA
OA
ulnohumeral
Radiocapitellar

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14
Q

What can be seen on XRay of RA in the elbow

A

Erosin

Instability

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15
Q

What does a patient complain of when presenting with OA in the elbow

A

Pain

restriction of movement

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16
Q

What can we do for radopcapitellar OA

A

Excise

Replace

17
Q

Why can we do a radiocapitellar replacement or excision

A

Because the ligaments are more important than the radial head

18
Q

What can be done for osteophyte impingement

A

Surgery = make a hole in the back of the elbow and remove all of the osteophytes present - remove all of this and make a hole in it that will give you access to the front of the elbow

19
Q

What is the main problem with an elbow replacement

A

Patient is limited to lifting 5kg
Loosen quite rapidly
No good for young /active

20
Q

What types of arthritis can affectt the wrist

A

RA
OA
Post traumatic
Instability

21
Q

What joints does OA affect in the hand

A

Base of thumb, PIP and DIP joints

22
Q

What joints does RA affect in the hand

A

MCP joint and carpus

23
Q

What is a SLAC wrist

A

Scapholunate advanced collapse

24
Q

What happens in a SLAC wrist

A

The capitate starts to migrate into the space between the lunate and scaphoid

25
What can result due to base of thumb OA
Subluxation of CMC joint
26
What is the treatment for Thumb CMC joint OA
``` Rest Anaglesia Splints Capsacin gel Steroid injection Surgery - trapazectomy ```