Normal Growth and Development (paeds)

Question 1

Describe how the limbs start to grow in embryology

Answer 1

They face inwards and and upwards but they twist round to the “normal” position as development continues

Question 2

What occurs in the growth plate

Answer 2

Cartilage develops into bone allowing the bone to grow (epiphyseal growth plate)

Question 3

What factors affect growth

Answer 3

Diet 
Sunshine - vit D
Vitamins 
Growth plates
Hormones 
Movement

Question 4

At what age does a baby roll, and sit up with support

Answer 4

6 months

Question 5

At what age does a baby sit unsupported

Answer 5

10 months

Question 6

at what age can a baby stand and hold furniture

Answer 6

1 year

Question 7

At what age does a baby walk alone with broad base

Answer 7

18 months

Question 8

At what age does a baby start to run and go up stairs 1 at a time

Answer 8

2 years

Question 9

At what age does a baby start to go up individual stairs

Answer 9

3 years

Question 10

At what age does a child go down stairs and hop

Answer 10

4 years

Question 11

At what age is an adult gait pattern established in a child

Answer 11

8 years

Question 12

What are some tricks in examining a child

Answer 12

Allow them to play with toys and relax and take in what is going on around them

Question 13

In what case are flat feet still regarded as normal

Answer 13

When they are flexible and pain free

Question 14

What are the 3 conditions that come under the umbrella term of Intoeing

Answer 14

Femoral neck anteversion
Internal tibial torsion
Metatarsus adductus

Question 15

What happens to children born with internal torsion (twisted shin bone)

Answer 15

It normally improves over time

Question 16

If Metatarsus adducts does not resolve itself, what should be done

Answer 16

Passively correct it using casting for 6-12 months

Question 17

When is bow legs abnormal

Answer 17

After the age of 2 years

Question 18

When should a child with bow legs be referred

Answer 18

When there is pain and it is asymmetrical

Question 19

At what age does knock knees peak

Answer 19

3 and a half

Question 20

More boys get anterior knee pain than girls. True or False

Answer 20

False - more girls get this than boys

Question 21

What makes anterior knee pain worse

Answer 21

stairs and squats