Upper Limb Flashcards
What are the three joints of the upper limb?
Glenohumeral, elbow, and wrist
What are the three upper limb areas of transition?
Axilla, cubital fossa, and carpel tunnel
What bones make up the shoulder?
Scapula, humerus, and clavicle
What bone makes up the arm?
Humerus
What bone makes up the forearm?
Ulna and radius
What bones make up the hand?
Carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges
What are the two superficial structures of the upper limb?
Cutaneous nerves and superficial veins
The cutaneous nerves of the upper limb are a branch of what?
Branches of brachial plexus deep to deep fascia
What are the 4 major superficial veins of the upper limb?
Cephalic v., basilic v., median cubital v., dorsal venous arch
The cephalic vein drains what?
Posterior/lateral aspect of UL
The cephalic vein runs where?
In deltopectoral groove and pierces deep fascia
The basilic vein drains what?
Anterior/medial aspect of UL
The basilic vein pierces what?
Deep fascia of arm
The median cubital vein connects what?
Cephalic and basilic vv.
The median cubital vein is located where?
In cubital fossa
What is the IV vein for venipuncture?
Median cubital, but can also be the dorsal venous arch of the hand
The dorsal venous arch of the hand drains what?
Drains superficial dorsal vv. of the hand
The dorsal venous arch of the hand is a tributary to what?
Both cephalic and basilic vv.
Deep fascia of the arm is equal to what?
Brachial fascia
What divides the arm into anterior and posterior compartments?
The deep fascia of the arm
Is the posterior compartment of the arm for extension or flexion?
Extension
Is the anterior compartment of the arm for extension or flexion?
Flexion
The anterior compartment of the arm contains what three muscles?
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis and brachialis mm.
The anterior compartment of the arm contains what three motor neurons?
Musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nn.
What are the two cutaneous nerves of the anterior compartment of the arm?
Medial brachial and medial antibrachial cutaneous nn. which serve the skin of medial arm and forearm
What is the action of the biceps brachii m.?
Flexes and supinates forearm (slight arm flexion)
What supplies biceps brachii m.?
Musculocutaneous n. and brachial vessels
What is the action of the coracobrachialis m.?
Flexes the arm
What supplies the coracobrachialis m.?
Musculocutaneous n. and brachial vessels
What is the action of the brachialis m.?
Flexes forearm
What supplies the brachialis m.?
Radial and musculocutaneous nn. and brachial vessels
What muscle is contained in the posterior compartment of the arm?
Triceps brachii m.
What nerve and artery are located in the posterior compartment of the arm?
Contains radial n. and deep brachial a.
What is the action of the triceps brachii m.?
Extends forearm
What supplies the triceps brachii m.?
Radial n. and deep brachial vessels
Deep brachial artery is also called what?
Profunda brachii
Forearm flexors are to the ______ of the cubital fossa?
Medial
Forearm extensors are to the ______ of the cubital fossa?
Lateral
What muscles contract to pronate the wrist?
Pronator terres and pronator quadratus mm.
What muscles contract to supinate the wrist?
Supinator and biceps brachii mm.
Which nerve passes posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Ulnar n.
What passes beneath the cubital fossa?
Biceps tendon, brachial artery, and median nerve
What passes through the carpal tunnel?
Median nerve, long flexor, and tendons of digits
What artery passes dorsally around the wrist to enter the hand posteriorly?
Radial artery
What are the three layers of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Superficial (4), intermediate (1), and deep (3)
What are the associated functions of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Wrist movements, flexion of digits and thumb, and pronation
The nerves of the anterior forearm come from what spinal cord levels?
C6, C7, C8, T1
What are the two layers of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Superficial (7), and deep (5)
What are the associated movements of the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Movement of the wrist, extension of the fingers and thumb, and supination
What spinal cord levels supply the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8)
What is the neurovasculature of the upper limb?
Musculocutaneous n., median n., ulnar n., and radial n.
The musculocutaneous n. passes through what muscle of the arm?
Pierces coracobrachialis m.
What does the musculocutaneous n. supply?
Supplies all of biceps brachii & medial part of brachialis m.
What does the median n. of the upper limb supply?
Supplies most mm. of anterior forearm
What nerve when hit makes the “funny bone” feeling?
Ulnar n.
What does the ulnar n. supply?
Medial forearm (with ulnar a.), medial hand and deepest mm. of hand
The radial n. supplies what?
Supplies all of triceps brachii, lateral part of brachialis m., skin on back of hand, and mm. of posterior forearm
The brachial a. is a direct extension of what?
Axillary a.
The brachial a. splits into what in the cubital fossa?
Radial and ulnar aa.
