Bone Histology Flashcards
What is the precursor to osteoblasts?
Mesenechymal stem cells
What is the precursor to osteoclasts?
Monocytes
What are the five functions of bone?
Protection, support, mechanical basis for movement, storage, blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)
What are the five classifications of bone according to shape?
Long, short, irregular, flat, sesamoid
What are the two gross types of bone?
Compact and spongy
What are the ends of bones called?
Epiphysis
What is the proper name for a bone growth plate?
Epiphyseal plate
What is the shaft of a bone called?
Diaphysis
What are the four cells of bone?
Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes
What are the two layers of bone ECM?
Osteoid (organic) and inorganic
What is the osteoid layer of bone ECM made up of?
Type I collagen and bone matrix proteins (BMPs)
What do bone matrix proteins include?
BMPs include GAGs (ex. hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate), glycoproteins, osteocalsin, and osteonectin
What does the inorganic layer of bone ECM made up of?
Hydroxyapatite crystals [Ca10(P04)6(OH)2]
Osteogenic cells lead to what?
Osteoblasts then osteocytes
What does an osteogenic cell do?
Develop into osteoblasts
What does an osteoblast do?
Forms bone matrix
What does an osteocyte do?
Maintains bone tissue
What does an osteoclast do?
Functions in resorption, the breakdown of bone matrix
What are the canals that connect osteocytes?
Canaliculi
What are the two histologic kinds of bone?
Primary (woven) and secondary bone (lamellar)
What are the three different kinds of lamellae?
Outer circumferential, inner circumferential, and interstitial
What are the blood connections between haversian canals?
Volkmann’s canal
What is the outer most layer of a haversian canal?
The cement line
What is spongy bone missing that compact bone has?
Osteons
The trabeculae of spongy bone surrounds what?
Red marrow space
