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GI AM > Upper GI surgery > Flashcards

Upper GI surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Where are oesophageal adenocarcinomas found?

A

Distal oesophagus

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2
Q

What are oesophageal adenocarcinomas related to?

A

Barett’s oesophagus

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3
Q

Where are oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas found?

A

Proximal 2/3 of oesophagus

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4
Q

Where are oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas related to?

A

Smoking and drinking

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5
Q

What investigations are carried out for oesophageal cancer?

A

Endoscopy

Contrast swallow

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6
Q

What investigations are used to stage oesophageal cancer?

A

CT
Endoscopic ultrasound
PET

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7
Q

What are the treatment options for metastatic cancer?

A

Stenting

Palliative radiotherapy and chemo

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8
Q

What are the treatment options for resectable oesophageal cancer?

A

Oesophagectomy and chemo

Chemo and radiotherapy

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9
Q

What is the mortality rate of an oesophagectomy?

A

5-10%

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10
Q

What is the 5 year survival of a resectable oesophageal cancer treated with an oesophagectomy and chemo?

A

30%

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11
Q

What is the 5 year survival of a resectable oesophageal cancer treated with chemo and radiotherapy?

A

20%

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12
Q

What conduits can be used in an oesophagectomy?

A

Stomach usually

Colon

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13
Q

What are the 3 approaches to an oesophagectomy?

A

Ivor Lewis
Trans-hiatal
Left thoraco-abdominal

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14
Q

What investigations can be done for gastric cancer?

A

Endoscopy

Contrast meal

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15
Q

What investigations are done to stage gastric cancer?

A

CT chest/abdo

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16
Q

What surgery can be used to treat gastric cancer?

A

Subtotal gastrectomy
Total gastrectomy and Roux en Y reconstruction
Laproscopic distal gastrectomy
Open gastrectomy

17
Q

How can gastrooesophageal reflux be treated?

A

Lifestyle modification
Proton pump inhibitor
Surgery

18
Q

What investigations are carried out for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?

A

Endoscopy

pH studies and manometry

19
Q

How is gastro-oesophageal reflux disease treated?

A

Laproscopic hiatus hernia repair

20
Q

What are bariatric surgeries?

A

Surgeries to achieve weight loss

21
Q

What are the types of bariatric surgery?

A

Restrictive

Malabsorpative

22
Q

What is the method of action of laparoscopic gastric banding?

A

Band that can be inflated or deflated placed near top of stomach. Band inflated to narrow passage into stomach

23
Q

What is the method of action of a laparoscopic gastric bypass?

A

Small stomach pouch created and attached directly to the second portion of the jejunum, to decrease stomach size and bypass lower stomach, duodenum and jejunum

24
Q

What is the method of action of a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy?

A

Removal of most of stomach, to leave smaller stomach

25
Q

What are the complications of bariatric surgery?

A 
Anastamotic leak
DVT/PE
Infection
Malnutrition
Nutrient and mineral deficiencies
Hair loss
Excess skin

GI AM (34 decks)

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