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GI AM > Hepatobiliary surgery > Flashcards

Hepatobiliary surgery Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

Concentrate and store bile

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2
Q

When does the gallbladder secrete bile?

A

After a meal in response to CCK

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3
Q

What is the composition of gallstones?

A

Cholesterol and pigment

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4
Q

What are the risk factors for cholesterol gallstone disease?

A

Age
Gender
Obesity
Cirrhosis

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5
Q

What are the risk factors if pigment gallstone disease?

A

Age
Gender
Bile infection

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6
Q

What is the presentation of gallstone disease?

A 
Dyspeptic symptoms
Biliary colic
ACute cholecystitis
Empyema
Perforation
Jaundice
Gallstone ileus
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7
Q

What is gallstone ileus?

A

Gallstone causes obstruction in ileum

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8
Q

What are the investigations for gallstone disease?

A 
Blood tests
Ultrasound
Endoscopic ultrasound
CT
IV cholangiography
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9
Q

What is the gold standard test for gallstone disease?

A

Ultrasound

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10
Q

What are the non operative methods of management of gallstone disease?

A

DIssolution

Lithotripsy- fragmenting stones

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11
Q

What are the operative methods of management of gallstone disease?

A

Laproscopic cholecystectomy
Single port cholecystectomy
Open/mini cholecystectomy

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12
Q

What is the gold standard of operative management of gallstone disease?

A

Laproscopic cholecystectomy

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13
Q

How are gallstones in the bile duct managed?

A

ECRP

Transhepatic stone removal

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14
Q

What are the types of congenital benign biliary tract disease?

A

Biliary atresia

Choledochal cysts

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15
Q

What ar the inflammatory causes of benign biliary stricture?

A 
Pyogenic
Parasitic
PSC
Pancreatitis
HIV
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16
Q

What is the presentation odf cholangiocarcioma?

A

Obstructive jaundice
Itching
Non specific symptoms

17
Q

What investigations are carried out to diagnose cholangiocarcinoma?

A

Bloods- raised bilirubin
MRA, CT
Biopsy

18
Q

How is cholangiocarcinoma treated?

A

Surgically- only potential curative option
Palliative- surgical bypass, stenting, palloative radiotherapy
PDT

19
Q

What ar the types of cholangiocarcinoma?

A

Intrahepatic
Extrahepatic
Gallbladder
Ampullary

20
Q

What are the types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma?

A

Mass forming
Peri ductal
Intraductal

21
Q

How can ampullary cholangiocarcinoma be treated?

A

Endoscopic excision
Transduodenal excision
Pancreatic duodenectomy

GI AM (34 decks)

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