Upper GI Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

Contrast media and adjunct drugs

A
  • barium sulphate
  • Gastrografin
  • Carbex granules
  • Buscopan
  • Maxalon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Barium sulphate

A
  • needs to be fluidic as it is being swallowed and have some viscosity to coat mucosa
  • needs to be flavoured
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gastrografin (iodinated water soluble contrast )

A
  • needs to be flavoured

- Used for paeds and suspected perforations and when barium sulphate is contraindicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Carbex granules and solution (CO2)

A
  • needed to produce gas in the stomach - for double contrast
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Buscopan

A

smooth muscle relaxant that stops bowel cramps and movement to improve image quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Maxalon - (Metoclopramide)- oral solution

A

Antiemetic - speeds up bowel transit times - used if bowel transit is slow in patients baFT (barium follow through)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Barium Swallow

A
  • To image the pharynx, oesophagus and proximal section of the stomach.
  • uses a contrast agent to coat and outline the structures
  • used in fluoroscopy
  • can use barium or water-soluble contrast according to patient presentation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Barium swallow indications

A
  • Dysphagia
  • Globus sensation
  • motility issues
  • anaemia
  • Assessment of fistulae
  • Failed upper GI endoscopy
  • Barrret’s Oesophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Barium swallow complications

A
  • leakage of barium from unknown perforation
  • Aspiration
  • barium appendicitis (rare)
  • obstruction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Barium swallow

A

……

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

why is a barium swallow used?

A
  • it demonstrates the presence of an abnormality
  • Look at the initiation of deglutition to the clearance of barium from the
    hypopharynx
    • Image the distended oesophagus, gastro-oesophageal junction and
    gastric fundus
    • Is the motility normal?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fluoroscopy unit needs to be capable of:

A
  • imaging at greater than 6fps
  • video recording
  • grab loops of fluoroscopy screening
  • tilting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Barium swallow patient prep

A
  • patient is NBM
  • remove any artefacts - patient changes from waist upwards into gown.
  • Explanation/reassurance throughout
  • ID patient
  • verbal consent
  • warn patient about moving equipment and tilting table
  • Handles for patient stability
  • Patient may sit on step / chair
  • Pillow for supine / prone views
  • Assistance with drink/cup
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Barium swallow technique

A
  • table is tilted
  • patient stands on the step
  • RAO to start (oesophagus clear of spine)
  • patient holds cup in left hand
  • patient is asked to swallow a mouthful - dynamics are observed
  • further swallows to record entire oesophagus
  • Dynamic coned views of hypopharynx AP & lateral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

barium swallow: LPO

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly